Effect of struvite on the growth of green beans on Mars and Moon regolith simulants

IF 17.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1515/opag-2022-0261

Wieger Wamelink, Charlotte Pouwels

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Abstract

When humans are going to live on the Moon or Mars, food production and reusing waste products as manure will be essential for their survival. This calls for a circular sustainable agricultural ecosystem for food production. Earlier experiments have shown that crop growth is possible on simulant regoliths though there are several challenges. One of them is the shortage of nitrate or ammonium in the regoliths. Moreover, phosphate is not easily available. This could be solved by the application of human feces as manure. The goal of this experiment was to test if human urine-based struvite (MgNH4PO4) could fertilize Mars and Moon regolith simulants and lead to a higher yield of green beans. Three “soils” were examined: Mars regolith simulant (MMS), Moon regolith simulant (JSC 1A), and Earth potting soil with and without struvite. Forty grams of struvite were added, besides 10% (volume) organic matter. The experiment was conducted in tenfold. Length of plants was recorded, and beans were harvested when ripe and at the end of the experiment, three and a half months after the start. The struvite treatment yielded a significantly higher bean harvest. Plants on potting soil and Moon soil simulant with struvite addition reached the same height and were higher than the control plants. The plants on Mars soil simulant were smaller but still taller than the control. It can be concluded that the addition of struvite had a significant positive effect on the production of green beans on potting soil and Mars and Moon soil simulant.

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硬石膏对火星和月球模拟雷灰岩上青豆生长的影响

当人类要在月球或火星上生活时，粮食生产和作为粪肥的废品再利用将是人类生存的关键。这就需要一个循环的可持续农业生态系统来生产食物。早先的实验表明，作物生长在模拟再结晶上是可能的，但也存在一些挑战。其中一个挑战是在团粒结构中缺少硝酸盐或铵盐。此外，磷酸盐也不易获得。这可以通过施用人类粪便来解决。本实验的目的是测试以人类尿液为基础的石灰华（MgNH4PO4）是否能为火星和月球的雷公石模拟物施肥，从而提高绿豆的产量。研究了三种 "土壤"：火星碎屑岩模拟物（MMS）、月球碎屑岩模拟物（JSC 1A）以及含有和不含硬石膏的地球盆栽土壤。除了 10%（体积）的有机物外，还添加了 40 克的铁矾土。实验分十次进行。记录植株的长度，在豆子成熟时和实验结束时（实验开始后三个半月）收获豆子。硬石膏处理的豆子产量明显更高。盆栽土壤和添加了硬石膏的月球土壤模拟物上的植株高度相同，且高于对照植株。火星土壤模拟物上的植株较小，但仍比对照植株高。由此可以得出结论，在盆栽土、火星土和月球土模拟物上添加硬石膏对青豆的产量有显著的积极影响。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.