Experimental investigation on the deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties of autoclaved aerated concrete at elevated temperatures

Abstract

Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) has been extensively studied and applied in the past decades because of its excellent thermal insulation and acoustic performance, energy efficiency, and outstanding structural performance. To investigate the deterioration characteristics of AAC under high temperatures, the physico-mechanical properties of AAC at different temperatures were tested by mass loss, wave velocity, and compressive tests, and the deterioration mechanism was discussed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results showed that after exposure to elevated temperatures, the parameters of apparent form, mass loss, wave velocity, and compressive strength underwent remarkable conversions. It was observed that the ultrasonic behavior of AAC was affected at high temperatures as it increased at 100°C and decreased beyond 100°C. In addition, the compressive strength exhibited a two-stage transformation, slightly increased from ambient temperature to 300°C, and exhibited a rapid reduction beyond 300°C. At 900°C, the specimen lost its strength. By XRD, TGA, and SEM, it was confirmed that a series of physicochemical changes in AAC, such as the water escape and evaporation, decomposition of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium carbonate, and structural damage, were the primary reasons for the deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures.