Determinants of preeclampsia/eclampsia among pregnant women: a case control study in Karnataka

Abstract

Objective. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence the occurrence of preeclampsia and eclampsia among pregnant women. Materials and Methods. From May 2022 to November 2022, a Case-Control Study was conducted involving 456 pregnant women. The study employed an unmatched design, and data were gathered on a daily basis from participants visiting the Obstetrics and Gynecology department. Pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires were utilized for data collection, following ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The collected data underwent analysis using Chi-square tests and regression analysis. Results. The study encompassed a total of 154 cases and 302 controls. Noteworthy factors found to be significant determinants of preeclampsia included a previous history of preeclampsia, a family history of hypertension, a family history of diabetes mellitus, vegetable consumption, and the level of education. Women with a previous history of preeclampsia, a personal history of hypertension, a family history of diabetes mellitus, and a lower intake of vegetables were more likely to develop preeclampsia/eclampsia. Conclusions. Health care providers