Genotype × environment interaction study for grain yield and its component traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

The experiment is put out in randomized block design with replicated three times and the experiment was studied over artificially created four environments i.e., 15 th November, 30 th November, 15 th December and 30 th December for thirty sets of genotypes at Department of Seed Technology, SDAU during the rabi season 2021-22 for twelve sets of characters viz. days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of effective tillers per meter, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike (g), spike length (cm), grain yield per meter (g), test weight (1000 seeds weight) (g), biological yield per meter (g) and harvest index (%). The genotypes exhibiting average stability can be adapted across all studied environments. The genotype VA2020-10 showed stability in favourable environment for days to heading and plant height, VA2020-04 for days to maturity, grain filling period and number of effective tillers, 21 th ESBWYT20 for number of effective tillers per meter, spike length, grain weight per spike, number of grains per spike and test weight, 21 th ESBWYT21 for grain filling period, number of grains per spike and biological yield per meter, 28 th SAWYT310 for plant height and number of grains per spike, VA2020-14 for number of effective tillers per meter and number of grains per spike indicating adaptation to favorable environments for these traits and 28 th SAWYT321 showed above average stability for grain filling period, number of effective tillers per meter and biological yield per meter, VA2020-02 for number of grains per spike and grain yield per meter, VA2019-10 for number of effective tillers per meter and biological yield per meter, VA2020-14 for days to maturity and grain filling period showing adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. Genotype VA2020-02 give highest grain yield per meter with having stability in the unfavourable environmental condition. The estimation of genetic parameters showed closer affinity of GCV and PCV for the characters viz. days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period and plant height indicated the scope for the selection for these traits.