Trends in the Settlement of Invasive Plant Species on the Territory of the Nature Sanctuary “Forested Ravine near the Village of Vlasievo” (Moscow Oblast)

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1134/s2075111724010089

A. G. Kuklina, N. A. Ozerova, A. N. Shvetsov, M. N. Shaykina, E. S. Yolkina

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Abstract

The issue of biodiversity conservation is of great importance. Plant species under threat of extinction are being studied especially carefully, and the cases of degradation of phytocenoses are being investigated. Invasive flora needs to be assessed in nature conservation areas. One of the reasons for the loss of unique natural ecosystems is the invasion of alien organisms, which explains the relevance of the study. The main purpose of this publication is to study the spread of invasive plant species on the territory of the nature sanctuary “Forested Ravine near the Village of Vlasievo” in Moscow oblast. During the field routes in 2017–2022, various biotopes were examined on an area of about 98 ha. The invasive flora includes 15 species, among which Heracleum sosnowskyi is the most active. Assessment of the degree of naturalization of invasive species in protected areas showed that in most species this process is slower than on average in Moscow oblast, in the neighboring Ryazan oblast, and in general in Central Russia. Probably, this trend is due to a weak degree of anthropogenic disturbance of the territory and a low number of alien individuals. At the same time, the expansion of H. sosnowsky was noted in the protected areas, leading to a partial change in the vegetation cover and the composition of the native flora, including rare and protected species. Satellite monitoring made it possible to determine the approximate period of penetration of H. sosnowskyi and to estimate the rate of its spread across protected areas. The identified alien taxa, namely, Acer negundo, Amelanchier spicata, Impatiens parviflora, Echinocystis lobata, Bidens frondosa, Erigeron annuus, and E. canadensis, are among the 100 most dangerous invasive species on the territory of the Russian Federation, which are capable of increasing the invasive potential in the case of violations of the environmental regime of protected areas.

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入侵植物物种在自然保护区 "弗拉谢沃村附近的森林峡谷"（莫斯科州）领地上的定居趋势

摘要生物多样性保护问题非常重要。目前正在对濒临灭绝的植物物种进行特别仔细的研究，并对植物区系退化的情况进行调查。需要对自然保护区内的入侵植物进行评估。外来生物入侵是导致独特自然生态系统丧失的原因之一，这也是本研究的意义所在。本出版物的主要目的是研究入侵植物物种在莫斯科州 "弗拉谢沃村附近的森林峡谷 "自然保护区境内的传播情况。在 2017-2022 年的实地路线中，在约 98 公顷的区域内考察了各种生物群落。入侵植物区系包括 15 个物种，其中 Heracleum sosnowskyi 是最活跃的物种。对保护区内入侵物种归化程度的评估表明，大多数物种的归化进程比莫斯科州、邻近的梁赞州以及整个俄罗斯中部地区的平均水平要慢。这种趋势可能是由于该地区人为干扰程度较低，外来个体数量较少。与此同时，在保护区发现了 H. sosnowsky 的扩展，导致植被覆盖和本地植物区系（包括稀有和受保护物种）的组成发生了部分变化。通过卫星监测，可以确定 H. sosnowskyi 的大致渗透期，并估计其在保护区内的蔓延速度。已确定的外来分类群，即 Acer negundo、Amelanchier spicata、Impatiens parviflora、Echinocystis lobata、Bidens frondosa、Erigeron annuus 和 E. canadensis，是俄罗斯联邦领土上 100 种最危险的入侵物种之一，在违反保护区环境制度的情况下，这些物种能够增加入侵潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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