Effects of climate change and forest gap disturbance on the growth characteristics of Japanese cypress and Japanese cedar on Mount Lushan, subtropical China

IF 2.8 3区 农林科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Soils and Sediments Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1007/s11368-024-03777-y
Chen Wang, Peng Li, Tingqi Xiao, Tianjun Bai, Wenping Deng, Yuanqiu Liu
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Abstract

Purpose

Climate change, largely caused by elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, is a driver of lasting disturbances that cause changes in forest ecosystem functioning. This study aimed to investigate how Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) plantations in the subtropical forests of China respond to disturbances in tree growth under climate change.

Materials and methods

In this study, 23 canopy gaps were selected from two species in the Lushan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province, China. Increment cores were obtained from trees retained near the edges of gaps and within the forest. Tree-ring chronologies were established, and the basal area increment (BAI) was calculated. The growth averaging method was used to detect growth release and analyze two key parameters of tree radial growth: magnitude and time lag. Moving correlation analyses were used to assess the long-term relationship between tree growth and climate, and regression analyses were used to quantify the relationship between the BAI and atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

Results and discussion

Species characteristics, tree distance from the gap center, gap size, and elevation all influenced tree growth release which was greater for Japanese cedar than Japanese cypress, and decreased with increasing distance from the gap center. Diameter at breast height (DBH) and pre-release growth influenced the time lag in growth release. The time-lag effect was more significant with smaller DBH and pre-release growth and did not differ between the two species. The correlations among growth, temperature, and precipitation were altered by the microclimatic environment created by the gaps. The BAI of Japanese cypress and Japanese cedar responded quadratically with increasing CO2 concentration (Ca), and the BAI increased with rising Ca, peaking at 360–380 ppm, followed by a decreasing trend. Due to the effect of the disturbance, there was a BAI increase of approximately 400 ppm (2015) for trees at the gap edge.

Conclusions

Growth characteristics were influenced by tree- and gap-level variables. Disturbance altered the link between tree growth and climate responses, increasing tree growth sensitivity to climatic influences, shifting the quadratic relationship between BAI and CO2 concentration, and providing growth potential to trees that crossed the CO2 tipping point.

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气候变化和林隙干扰对中国亚热带庐山日本扁柏和日本杉生长特性的影响
目的主要由二氧化碳(CO2)浓度升高引起的气候变化是导致森林生态系统功能发生变化的持久干扰的驱动因素。本研究旨在调查中国亚热带森林中的日本柏(Chamaecyparis obtusa)和日本杉(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don)人工林如何应对气候变化对树木生长的干扰。从树冠隙边缘和林内保留的树木中获取增量核心。建立了树环年表,并计算了基部面积增量(BAI)。采用生长平均法检测生长释放,并分析树木径向生长的两个关键参数:幅度和时滞。移动相关分析用于评估树木生长与气候之间的长期关系,回归分析用于量化 BAI 与大气二氧化碳浓度之间的关系。结果与讨论树种特征、树木与间隙中心的距离、间隙大小和海拔高度都会影响树木的生长释放,日本雪松的生长释放大于日本扁柏,并且随着与间隙中心距离的增加而减少。胸径(DBH)和释放前的生长情况会影响生长释放的时滞。DBH 和释放前生长量越小,时滞效应越明显,而且两种树种之间没有差异。间隙造成的小气候环境改变了生长、温度和降水之间的相关性。日本扁柏和日本雪松的 BAI 随二氧化碳浓度(Ca)的增加呈二次方响应,BAI 随 Ca 的增加而增加,在 360-380 ppm 时达到峰值,随后呈下降趋势。由于干扰的影响,缺口边缘树木的 BAI 增加了约 400 ppm(2015 年)。干扰改变了树木生长与气候响应之间的联系,提高了树木生长对气候影响的敏感性,改变了BAI与二氧化碳浓度之间的二次关系,并为越过二氧化碳临界点的树木提供了生长潜力。
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来源期刊
Journal of Soils and Sediments
Journal of Soils and Sediments 环境科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
256
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soils and Sediments (JSS) is devoted to soils and sediments; it deals with contaminated, intact and disturbed soils and sediments. JSS explores both the common aspects and the differences between these two environmental compartments. Inter-linkages at the catchment scale and with the Earth’s system (inter-compartment) are an important topic in JSS. The range of research coverage includes the effects of disturbances and contamination; research, strategies and technologies for prediction, prevention, and protection; identification and characterization; treatment, remediation and reuse; risk assessment and management; creation and implementation of quality standards; international regulation and legislation.
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