Water-Based Epidemiological Investigation of Hepatitis E Virus in South Africa

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Food and Environmental Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI:10.1007/s12560-024-09596-1

Karabo Salemane, Leanne Z. Coetzee, Gina Pocock, Bettina Genthe, Maureen B. Taylor, Janet Mans

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Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that exhibits great host diversity. The primary means of transmission of the virus in low- and middle-income countries is contaminated water, often due to a lack of access to proper sanitation, which leads to faecal contamination of water sources. Environmental surveillance is an important tool that can be used to monitor virus circulation and as an early warning system for outbreaks. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of HEV in wastewater, surface water (rivers and standpipe/ablution water), and effluent from a piggery in South Africa. A total of 536 water samples were screened for HEV using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Overall, 21.8% (117/536) of the wastewater, river, and ablution water samples tested positive for HEV, whereas 74.4% (29/39) of the samples from the piggery tested positive. Genotyping revealed sequences belonging to HEV genotypes 3 (98%, 53/54) and 4 (2%, 1/54), with subtypes 3c, 3f, and 4b being identified.

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南非基于水的戊型肝炎病毒流行病学调查

戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是一种新出现的人畜共患病原体，其宿主具有很大的多样性。在中低收入国家，病毒的主要传播途径是受污染的水，这通常是由于缺乏适当的卫生设施，导致水源受到粪便污染。环境监测是一种重要的工具，可用于监测病毒的传播情况，并作为疫情爆发的预警系统。本研究旨在确定南非一家养猪场的废水、地表水（河流和立管/排污水）和污水中 HEV 的流行率和遗传多样性。采用实时反转录聚合酶链反应对 536 份水样进行了 HEV 筛查。总体而言，21.8%（117/536）的废水、河水和洗浴水样本对 HEV 检测呈阳性，而 74.4%（29/39）的养猪场样本对 HEV 检测呈阳性。基因分型结果显示序列属于 HEV 基因型 3（98%，53/54）和 4（2%，1/54），并确定了亚型 3c、3f 和 4b。

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来源期刊

Food and Environmental Virology ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Food and Environmental Virology publishes original articles, notes and review articles on any aspect relating to the transmission of pathogenic viruses via the environment (water, air, soil etc.) and foods. This includes epidemiological studies, identification of novel or emerging pathogens, methods of analysis or characterisation, studies on survival and elimination, and development of procedural controls for industrial processes, e.g. HACCP plans. The journal will cover all aspects of this important area, and encompass studies on any human, animal, and plant pathogenic virus which is capable of transmission via the environment or food.