{"title":"Replication–Transcription Conflicts: A Perpetual War on the Chromosome","authors":"Kaitlyn R. Browning, Houra Merrikh","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-030222-115809","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"DNA replication and transcription occur in all living cells across all domains of life. Both essential processes occur simultaneously on the same template, leading to conflicts between the macromolecular machines that perform these functions. Numerous studies over the past few decades demonstrate that this is an inevitable problem in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. We have learned that conflicts lead to replication fork reversal, breaks in the DNA, R-loop formation, topological stress, and mutagenesis, and they can ultimately impact evolution. Recent studies have also provided insight into the various mechanisms that mitigate, resolve, and allow tolerance of conflicts and how conflicts result in divergent pathological consequences across divergent species. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the outcomes of encounters between replication and transcription machineries and explore how these clashes are dealt with across species.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual review of biochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-030222-115809","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
DNA replication and transcription occur in all living cells across all domains of life. Both essential processes occur simultaneously on the same template, leading to conflicts between the macromolecular machines that perform these functions. Numerous studies over the past few decades demonstrate that this is an inevitable problem in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. We have learned that conflicts lead to replication fork reversal, breaks in the DNA, R-loop formation, topological stress, and mutagenesis, and they can ultimately impact evolution. Recent studies have also provided insight into the various mechanisms that mitigate, resolve, and allow tolerance of conflicts and how conflicts result in divergent pathological consequences across divergent species. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the outcomes of encounters between replication and transcription machineries and explore how these clashes are dealt with across species.
DNA 复制和转录发生在所有生命领域的所有活细胞中。这两个基本过程同时发生在同一个模板上,导致执行这些功能的大分子机器之间发生冲突。过去几十年的大量研究表明,这是原核细胞和真核细胞中不可避免的问题。我们了解到,冲突会导致复制叉逆转、DNA断裂、R环形成、拓扑压力和突变,并最终影响进化。最近的研究还让我们深入了解了缓解、解决和容忍冲突的各种机制,以及冲突如何导致不同物种产生不同的病理后果。在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前有关复制和转录机制之间冲突结果的知识,并探讨了不同物种如何处理这些冲突。
期刊介绍:
The Annual Review of Biochemistry, in publication since 1932, sets the standard for review articles in biological chemistry and molecular biology. Since its inception, these volumes have served as an indispensable resource for both the practicing biochemist and students of biochemistry.