Short-Term Effect of Ambient Temperature in Acute Ischemic Stroke with Endovascular Treatment Due to Large Vessel Occlusion

Abstract

Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) stands as the primary cause of mortality and extended disability globally. While prior studies have examined the connection between stroke and local weather, they have produced conflicting results. Our goal was to examine the correlation between temperature and functional prognosis in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT).
Patients and methods: This study included a total of 1809 patients. Temperatures from stroke onset to groin puncture were categorized into Cold (10th percentile of temperature), Cool (10th– 50th percentile of temperature), Warm (50th– 90th percentile of temperature), and Hot (90th percentile of temperature) groups. The primary efficacy result was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days. Safety outcomes included mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and complications after cerebral infarction.
Results: The primary efficacy results demonstrated a statistical enhancement in functional outcomes at 90 days for patients in the Warm group compared to the Cold group (adjusted common odds ratio [OR]: 1.386; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.024– 1.878, P=0.035). Secondary efficacy results showed that temperature was associated with a higher rate of 90-day functional independence (adjusted OR: 1.016; 95% CI: 1.004– 1.029; P=0.009), which was higher in the Warm group compared with patients in the Cold group (adjusted OR: 1.646; 95% CI: 1.107– 2.448, P=0.014). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of sICH, 90-day mortality, and post-infarction complications.
Conclusion: Compared with Cold temperature, Warm temperature is associated with better functional outcomes and reduced mortality risk without increasing the risk of sICH.

Keywords: acute ischemic stroke, ambient temperature, large-vessel occlusion, endovascular treatment