Microbiome of Supraglacial Systems on the Aldegonda and Bertil Glaciers (Svalbard)

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE Eurasian Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI:10.1134/s1064229323603189

D. A. Nikitin, L. V. Lysak, E. P. Zazovskaya, N. S. Mergelov, S. V. Goryachkin

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Abstract

Microbial biomass, diversity of culturable bacteria and micromycetes, and the number of functional nitrogen cycle genes in the supraglacial systems of the Aldegonda and Bertil glaciers have been studied. The biomass of microorganisms varies from 2.54 to 722 µg/g substrate. It is shown for the first time that the major part (78.7–99.8%) of microbial biomass in supraglacial objects is represented by fungi rather than by prokaryotes, and the main part (70 to 90%) of the fungal biomass consists of mycelium with the length varying from 6.70 to 537.51 m/g substrate. The counts of prokaryotes vary from 2.4 × 10⁸ to 1.95 × 10⁹ cells/g substrate. The length of actinomycete mycelium falls into the range of 2.6–62.61 m/g substrate. The counts of culturable bacteria and actinomycetes vary from 3.3 × 10⁴ to 1.2 × 10⁶ CFU/g substrate and of micromycetes, from 2.2 × 10¹ to 1.7 × 10⁴ CFU/g substrate. Bacteria of the genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces and micromycetes of the genera Antarctomyces, Cadophora, Hyphozyma, Teberdinia and Thelebolus are dominants. The micromycetes Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus, Hyphozyma variabilis and Teberdinia hygrophila are found in Svalbard for the first time. The copy number of amoA genes in ammonium-oxidizing bacteria varies from 5.33 × 10⁶ to 4.86 × 10⁹/g substrate; of nitrogen fixation genes nifH, from 9.89 × 10⁷ to 9.81 × 10¹⁰/g substrate; and denitrification genes nirK, from 4.82 × 10⁷ to 3.34 × 10¹⁰/g substrate. These results indirectly suggest the leading role of fungi in the microbiome of the supraglacial objects in Svalbard and a considerable contribution of prokaryotes to the emission of greenhouse gases there.

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阿尔代贡达冰川和贝尔蒂尔冰川超冰川系统的微生物群（斯瓦尔巴群岛）

摘要对阿尔代贡达冰川和贝尔蒂尔冰川的超冰川系统中的微生物生物量、可培养细菌和微型霉菌的多样性以及氮循环功能基因的数量进行了研究。微生物的生物量从 2.54 微克/克基质到 722 微克/克基质不等。研究首次表明，超冰川物体中微生物生物量的主要部分（78.7%-99.8%）是真菌而不是原核生物，真菌生物量的主要部分（70%-90%）是菌丝体，长度从 6.70 米/克基质到 537.51 米/克基质不等。原核生物的数量从 2.4 × 108 到 1.95 × 109 个细胞/克基质不等。放线菌菌丝长度范围为 2.6-62.61 米/克基质。可培养细菌和放线菌的数量从 3.3 × 104 到 1.2 × 106 CFU/克基质不等，而微霉菌的数量则从 2.2 × 101 到 1.7 × 104 CFU/克基质不等。主要是节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、红球菌属（Rhodococcus）、链霉菌属（Streptomyces）和微霉菌属（Antarctomyces、Cadophora、Hyphozyma、Teberdinia 和 Thelebolus）。南极酵母菌属（Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus）、Hyphozyma variabilis 和 Teberdinia hygrophila 等小霉菌是首次在斯瓦尔巴群岛发现。氨氧化细菌中amoA基因的拷贝数从5.33×106到4.86×109/克基质不等；固氮基因nifH的拷贝数从9.89×107到9.81×1010/克基质不等；反硝化基因nirK的拷贝数从4.82×107到3.34×1010/克基质不等。这些结果间接表明，真菌在斯瓦尔巴群岛超冰川物体的微生物群中发挥着主导作用，而原核生物对那里的温室气体排放也有相当大的贡献。

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来源期刊

Eurasian Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

35.70%

发文量

137

审稿时长

12-24 weeks

期刊介绍： Eurasian Soil Science publishes original research papers on global and regional studies discussing both theoretical and experimental problems of genesis, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, management, conservation, and remediation of soils. Special sections are devoted to current news in the life of the International and Russian soil science societies and to the history of soil sciences. Since 2000, the journal Agricultural Chemistry, the English version of the journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences Agrokhimiya, has been merged into the journal Eurasian Soil Science and is no longer published as a separate title.