The optimal values of Greenwald density limit and plasma safety factor in inductive and non-inductive operation modes

IF 1.9 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pramana Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI:10.1007/s12043-024-02751-0
F Sharifi, S M Motevalli, F Fadaei
{"title":"The optimal values of Greenwald density limit and plasma safety factor in inductive and non-inductive operation modes","authors":"F Sharifi,&nbsp;S M Motevalli,&nbsp;F Fadaei","doi":"10.1007/s12043-024-02751-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spherical tokamak (ST) operates in a steady state with a high fusion gain. The 0-dimensional power balance model, including radiation losses to determine <i>Q</i> value as an inductive fusion gain, and the current balance model for determining <span>\\(Q_{\\textrm{CD}}\\)</span> as a non-inductive fusion gain, is used to investigate the viability of D–<span>\\(^{3}\\)</span>He fuel for a steady-state operation. The spherical tokamak’s geometry, including the magnetic field <span>\\(B_{t}\\)</span> and <span>\\(\\beta _{\\textrm{th}}\\)</span> as a ratio of its kinetic pressure to the magnetic pressure, is used to analyse the impact of the confinement enhancement factor <span>\\(H_{y2}\\)</span> and the impurity density fraction <span>\\(f_{\\textrm{I}}\\)</span> on <span>\\(Q_{\\textrm{CD}}\\)</span>. By comparing the obtained values with the device data, plasma characteristics, such as the safety factor <span>\\(q_{\\textrm{I}}\\)</span> and Greenwald density limit <span>\\(N_{\\textrm{G}}\\)</span> are examined to determine the optimum density limit and safety factor for an assurance about <span>\\(Q\\approx Q_{\\textrm{CD}}\\)</span> as the aim of steady-state operation. A comparison with ARIES-III performance is also made. The overall plant power balance equation is included. Furthermore, the desirable plant thermal efficiency value <span>\\(\\eta _{\\textrm{th}}\\)</span> and normalised beta value <span>\\(\\beta _{N}\\)</span> for producing net electric power <span>\\(P_{\\textrm{NET}}&gt;\\)</span> 1 GW for the ST are achieved. Therefore, ST’s capability of having a lower aspect ratio <i>A</i> and higher elongation <span>\\(\\kappa _{s}\\)</span> than ARIES-III in generating more significant fusion power with lower <span>\\(H_{y2}\\)</span> and higher energy confinement time <span>\\(\\tau _{E}\\)</span> is approved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pramana","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12043-024-02751-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The spherical tokamak (ST) operates in a steady state with a high fusion gain. The 0-dimensional power balance model, including radiation losses to determine Q value as an inductive fusion gain, and the current balance model for determining \(Q_{\textrm{CD}}\) as a non-inductive fusion gain, is used to investigate the viability of D–\(^{3}\)He fuel for a steady-state operation. The spherical tokamak’s geometry, including the magnetic field \(B_{t}\) and \(\beta _{\textrm{th}}\) as a ratio of its kinetic pressure to the magnetic pressure, is used to analyse the impact of the confinement enhancement factor \(H_{y2}\) and the impurity density fraction \(f_{\textrm{I}}\) on \(Q_{\textrm{CD}}\). By comparing the obtained values with the device data, plasma characteristics, such as the safety factor \(q_{\textrm{I}}\) and Greenwald density limit \(N_{\textrm{G}}\) are examined to determine the optimum density limit and safety factor for an assurance about \(Q\approx Q_{\textrm{CD}}\) as the aim of steady-state operation. A comparison with ARIES-III performance is also made. The overall plant power balance equation is included. Furthermore, the desirable plant thermal efficiency value \(\eta _{\textrm{th}}\) and normalised beta value \(\beta _{N}\) for producing net electric power \(P_{\textrm{NET}}>\) 1 GW for the ST are achieved. Therefore, ST’s capability of having a lower aspect ratio A and higher elongation \(\kappa _{s}\) than ARIES-III in generating more significant fusion power with lower \(H_{y2}\) and higher energy confinement time \(\tau _{E}\) is approved.

Abstract Image

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
感应和非感应运行模式下格林沃尔德密度极限和等离子体安全系数的最佳值
球形托卡马克(ST)在高聚变增益的稳定状态下运行。0维功率平衡模型包括用于确定Q值的辐射损耗和用于确定\(Q_{\textrm{CD}}\)的非感应聚变增益的电流平衡模型,用于研究D-\(^{3}\)He燃料在稳态运行中的可行性。球形托卡马克的几何结构,包括磁场\(B_{t}\)和\(\beta _{textrm{th}}\)作为其动压与磁压之比,被用来分析约束增强因子\(H_{y2}\)和杂质密度分数\(f_{textrm{I}}\)对\(Q_{textrm{CD}}\)的影响。通过将获得的值与设备数据进行比较,考察了等离子体特性,如安全系数(q_{textrm{I}})和格林沃尔德密度极限(N_{textrm{G}}),以确定最佳密度极限和安全系数,从而保证稳态运行的目标是(Q/approx Q_{textrm{CD}})。同时还与 ARIES-III 的性能进行了比较。其中包括整个电厂的功率平衡方程。此外,ST 达到了理想的电厂热效率值(\eta _{textrm{th}}\)和归一化贝塔值(\beta _{N}\),可产生 1 GW 的净电功率(P_{textrm{NET}}>\)。因此,与ARIES-III相比,ST具有更低的长径比A和更高的伸长率\(\kappa _{s}\),能够以更低的\(H_{y2}\)和更高的能量约束时间\(\tau _{E}\)产生更显著的聚变功率,这一点得到了认可。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Pramana
Pramana 物理-物理:综合
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
7.10%
发文量
206
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Pramana - Journal of Physics is a monthly research journal in English published by the Indian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with Indian National Science Academy and Indian Physics Association. The journal publishes refereed papers covering current research in Physics, both original contributions - research papers, brief reports or rapid communications - and invited reviews. Pramana also publishes special issues devoted to advances in specific areas of Physics and proceedings of select high quality conferences.
期刊最新文献
Stefan blowing impact and chemical response of Rivlin–Reiner fluid through rotating convective disk Impact of gold and silver nanoparticles on the thermally radiating MHD slip blood flow within the stenotic artery using stability analysis and entropy optimisation Study of the bubble motion inside a peristaltic tube Soft drug epidemic in deterministic and stochastic case studies A comprehensive analysis of anisotropic stellar objects with quadratic equation of state
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1