Abortive Infection of Animal Cells: What Goes Wrong

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100422-023037
Aaron Embry, Don B. Gammon
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Abstract

Even if a virus successfully binds to a cell, defects in any of the downstream steps of the viral life cycle can preclude the production of infectious virus particles. Such abortive infections are likely common in nature and can provide fundamental insights into the cell and host tropism of viral pathogens. Research over the past 60 years has revealed an incredible diversity of abortive infections by DNA and RNA viruses in various animal cell types. Here we discuss the general causes of abortive infections and provide specific examples from the literature to illustrate the range of abortive infections that have been reported. We also discuss how abortive infections can have critical roles in shaping host immune responses and in the development of virus-induced cancers. Finally, we describe how abortive infections can be applied to basic and clinical research, underscoring the importance of understanding these fascinating aspects of virus biology.
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动物细胞的无效感染:出了什么问题
即使病毒成功地与细胞结合,病毒生命周期中任何一个下游步骤的缺陷都可能导致无法产生有传染性的病毒粒子。这种流产感染在自然界中很可能很常见,并能让人们从根本上了解病毒病原体的细胞和宿主趋向性。过去 60 年的研究揭示了 DNA 和 RNA 病毒在各种动物细胞中终止感染的惊人多样性。在此,我们将讨论中止感染的一般原因,并提供文献中的具体实例来说明已报道的中止感染的范围。我们还讨论了终止感染如何在形成宿主免疫反应和发展病毒诱导的癌症中发挥关键作用。最后,我们介绍了中止感染如何应用于基础和临床研究,强调了了解病毒生物学这些迷人方面的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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