Metabolic priming of GD2 TRAC-CAR T cells during manufacturing promotes memory phenotypes while enhancing persistence

Abstract

Manufacturing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies is complex, with limited understanding of how medium composition impacts T cell phenotypes. CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins can precisely insert a CAR sequence while disrupting the endogenous T cell receptor alpha constant () gene resulting in -CAR T cells with an enriched stem cell memory T cell population, a process that could be further optimized through modifications to the medium composition. In this study we generated anti-GD2 -CAR T cells using "metabolic priming" (MP), where the cells were activated in glucose/glutamine-low medium and then expanded in glucose/glutamine-high medium. T cell products were evaluated using spectral flow cytometry, metabolic assays, cytokine production, cytotoxicity assays , and potency against human GD2+ xenograft neuroblastoma models . Compared with standard -CAR T cells, MP -CAR T cells showed less glycolysis, higher CCR7/CD62L expression, more bound NAD(P)H activity, and reduced IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10, IL-1β, IL-17, and TGF-β production at the end of manufacturing , with increased central memory CAR T cells and better persistence observed . MP with medium during CAR T cell biomanufacturing can minimize glycolysis and enrich memory phenotypes , which could lead to better responses against solid tumors .