{"title":"Metaphysics of the Organic Whole: Ehrenfels, Uexküll, and Merleau-Ponty","authors":"Lenka Ovčáčková, Jana Švorcová","doi":"10.1007/s12304-024-09562-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this paper is to compare the theory of Gestalt qualities, introduced by the Austrian philosopher Christian von Ehrenfels (1859–1932), with the concept of Umwelt, proposed by Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944). The primary basis for the comparison will be the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908–1961), who extensively discusses the two concepts in his work. In the Uexküll–Ehrenfelsian context, we focus on analysing the similarities and differences of their argumentation and model approaches to understanding the living and non-living natural entities, their mutual communication, development, and ontological grounding. We also consider the role of individual experience with the environment: in that context, the metaphysical frameworks within which the two thinkers operate in their efforts to explain natural phenomena are central to our comparative reflections.</p>","PeriodicalId":49230,"journal":{"name":"Biosemiotics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biosemiotics","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-024-09562-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to compare the theory of Gestalt qualities, introduced by the Austrian philosopher Christian von Ehrenfels (1859–1932), with the concept of Umwelt, proposed by Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944). The primary basis for the comparison will be the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908–1961), who extensively discusses the two concepts in his work. In the Uexküll–Ehrenfelsian context, we focus on analysing the similarities and differences of their argumentation and model approaches to understanding the living and non-living natural entities, their mutual communication, development, and ontological grounding. We also consider the role of individual experience with the environment: in that context, the metaphysical frameworks within which the two thinkers operate in their efforts to explain natural phenomena are central to our comparative reflections.
本文旨在比较奥地利哲学家 Christian von Ehrenfels（1859-1932 年）提出的格式塔品质理论和 Jakob von Uexküll（1864-1944 年）提出的 "Umwelt "概念。比较的主要依据是莫里斯-梅洛-庞蒂（1908-1961 年）的现象学，他在其著作中广泛讨论了这两个概念。在 Uexküll-Ehrenfelsian 的语境中，我们重点分析他们在理解有生命和无生命的自然实体、它们之间的相互交流、发展和本体论基础方面的论证和模型方法的异同。我们还考虑了个体经验对环境的作用：在此背景下，两位思想家在解释自然现象时所采用的形而上学框架是我们进行比较思考的核心。
期刊介绍：
Biosemiotics is dedicated to building a bridge between biology, philosophy, linguistics, and the communication sciences. Biosemiotic research is concerned with the study of signs and meaning in living organisms and systems. Its main challenge is to naturalize biological meaning and information by building on the belief that signs are fundamental, constitutive components of the living world.
Biosemiotics has triggered rethinking of fundamental assumptions in both biology and semiotics. In this view, biology should recognize the semiotic nature of life and reshape its theories and methodology accordingly while semiotics and the humanities should acknowledge the existence of signs beyond the human realm. Biosemiotics is at the cutting edge of research on the fundamentals of life. By challenging traditional assumptions on the nature of life and suggesting alternative perspectives, it opens up exciting new research paths.
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