Quantification of urinary gonadotropins by specific assays may improve the evaluation of sex-specific hormonal changes in early infancy

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Clinical Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI:10.1111/cen.15064

And Demir, Raimo Voutilainen, Matti Hero

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of different gonadotropin assays for determining total and intact luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) immunoreactivity in urine (U-LH-ir and U-FSH-ir, respectively) during early infancy.

Design, Patients and Measurements

Morning urine samples were obtained from 31 infants, aged between 0 and 6 months, to study the age-related course of urinary gonadotropins. Additionally, we investigated bi-hourly urine samples of a 5-day-old male neonate for 24 h to observe the course of urinary gonadotropins during a daily cycle. We employed different immunofluorometric assays for measuring total and intact U-LH-ir, and U-FSH-ir.

Results

In neonates up to 21 days of age, the U-LH-ir levels measured by the regular LH assay (also detecting hCG) were significantly higher than those determined by the total (specific) LH assays (p = .004). U-FSH-ir was higher in girls than boys during both the first and the next 5 months (p = .02 and p < .001, respectively), whereas total U-LH-ir was higher in boys until 6 months of age (p < .001). Total U-LH-ir/U-FSH-ir ratio was significantly higher in boys than girls across the first half-year (p < .001).

Conclusions

The assessment of total U-LH-ir and U-FSH-ir, and their respective ratio constitutes a noninvasive, practical and scalable tool to investigate sex-specific changes during early infancy, with the ratio being significantly higher in boys than girls. Only highly specific LH assays detecting beta-subunit and its core fragment in addition to intact LH should be used for determining U-LH-ir in the neonatal period to avoid potential cross-reactivity with hCG of placental origin.

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通过特定的检测方法对尿液中的促性腺激素进行定量，可改进对婴儿早期性别特异性荷尔蒙变化的评估。

目的：本研究旨在探讨婴儿早期尿液中总黄体生成素（LH）和完整黄体生成素（LH）以及卵泡刺激素（FSH）免疫反应（分别为 U-LH-ir 和 U-FSH-ir）的不同促性腺激素测定法的可行性。设计、受试者和测量：我们采集了 31 名 0 到 6 个月大婴儿的晨尿样本，以研究尿液中促性腺激素与年龄相关的变化过程。此外，我们还调查了一名 5 天大的男性新生儿每两小时 24 小时的尿液样本，以观察每天尿液中促性腺激素的变化过程。结果在 21 天以内的新生儿中，常规 LH 检测法（也检测 hCG）测得的 U-LH-ir 水平明显高于总（特异）LH 检测法（p = .004）。在头 5 个月和接下来的 5 个月中，女孩的 U-FSH-ir 均高于男孩（分别为 p = .02 和 p < .001），而在 6 个月之前，男孩的总 U-LH-ir 均高于女孩（p < .001）。结论评估总 U-LH-ir 和 U-FSH-ir 及其各自的比值是研究婴儿早期性别特异性变化的一种无创、实用且可扩展的工具，男孩的比值明显高于女孩。在测定新生儿期的 U-LH-ir 时，除了完整的 LH 外，还应使用检测 beta 亚基及其核心片段的高度特异性 LH 检测方法，以避免与胎盘来源的 hCG 发生潜在的交叉反应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Endocrinology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

3.10%

发文量

192

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Clinical Endocrinology publishes papers and reviews which focus on the clinical aspects of endocrinology, including the clinical application of molecular endocrinology. It does not publish papers relating directly to diabetes care and clinical management. It features reviews, original papers, commentaries, correspondence and Clinical Questions. Clinical Endocrinology is essential reading not only for those engaged in endocrinological research but also for those involved primarily in clinical practice.