The prevalence of molar pregnancy among patients with incomplete miscarriage at a maternity teaching hospital

Abstract

Background and objective: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) involves a range of interrelated disorders that originate from the placenta; it can be benign or malignant. In the Kurdistan region of Iraq, data about GTD and its consequences is scarce. This study aims to identify the prevalence of GTD and its types among a cohort of Kurdish women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a one-year duration from April 1, 2020, to April 1, 2021, at the Emergency Department of Maternity Teaching Hospital, Erbil City. Pregnant women in their first trimester and early second trimester (4–14 weeks of gestation) with vaginal bleeding, pregnant women with vaginal bleeding due to incomplete miscarriage, and pregnant women with a history of missed miscarriage were included in the study. A specialized questionnaire was prepared for the purpose of data collection. Results: Out of 380 incomplete miscarriage cases who were interviewed, fifty patients with gestational trophoblastic disease were included in the current study. The prevalence of GTD was 13.1%, and the majority of patients had a partial type of GTD. The current analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant association between the types of GTD, the personal history of molar pregnancy, and the age of participants. The analysis indicated that there is no statistical association between parity, blood group, and history of miscarriage and the type of GTD. Conclusion: The prevalence of GTD was remarkably high, and the partial type of GTD was the most common form present among the participants. The majority of the cases were diagnosed during the first trimester of the pregnancy. Complete GTD was more common among patients of advanced age.