Physical-Model-Based Assessment of Reduction of Hydraulic Forces Acting on Channel Bed through Advanced Energy Dissipator Design

Mechanics Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI:10.5755/j02.mech.33307
Petr Štemberk, M. Petřík, Jan Edlák, Milan Zukal, Tomas Picek
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Abstract

The hydraulic engineering designers focus on shaping up the flow regime so that the greatest energy dissipation is ensured. On the other hand, the structural designers focus on load bearing capacity and durability of the structural components which may contradict the focus of the hydraulic experts. Such a case may occur when the spillway chute floor slab must be thin due to the limited spaces. Then, the dynamic load acting on the chute floor slab may compromise its long-term operation. The dynamic forces are created by the violent turbulences which may even coincide with the natural frequency of the reinforced concrete floor slab. Therefore, the objective of this paper is a complex approach to small-scale physical model testing which makes use of the latest rapid-prototyping techniques and the particle image velocimetry, and which in the end allows to estimate the magnitude of the dynamic hydraulic forces acting on the channel bed. The newly developed organic-shape energy dissipators play a key role in reducing the kinetic energy of water through its enhances aeration. The proposed method on a small scale can assist favorably the design process of real-scale hydraulic reinforced concrete structures.
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基于物理模型的评估:通过先进的消能设计减少作用于河床的水力
水利工程设计师的工作重点是塑造水流状态,以确保最大程度地消散能量。另一方面,结构设计人员侧重于结构部件的承载能力和耐用性,这可能与水力专家的工作重点相矛盾。当溢流槽底板因空间有限而必须很薄时,就会出现这种情况。这时,作用在滑道底板上的动荷载可能会影响其长期运行。动荷载是由剧烈的湍流产生的,这些湍流甚至可能与钢筋混凝土楼板的固有频率相吻合。因此,本文的目标是利用最新的快速成型技术和粒子图像测速仪,采用复杂的方法进行小规模物理模型试验,最终估算出作用在滑道底板上的动态水力的大小。新开发的有机形状消能装置在通过增强曝气来降低水的动能方面发挥了关键作用。所提出的小规模方法可以为实际规模的水工钢筋混凝土结构的设计过程提供有益的帮助。
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