Predictive processing of music and language in autism: Evidence from Mandarin and English speakers

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI:10.1002/aur.3133
Chen Zhao, Jia Hoong Ong, Anamarija Veic, Aniruddh D. Patel, Cunmei Jiang, Allison R. Fogel, Li Wang, Qingqi Hou, Dipsikha Das, Cara Crasto, Bhismadev Chakrabarti, Tim I. Williams, Ariadne Loutrari, Fang Liu
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Abstract

Atypical predictive processing has been associated with autism across multiple domains, based mainly on artificial antecedents and consequents. As structured sequences where expectations derive from implicit learning of combinatorial principles, language and music provide naturalistic stimuli for investigating predictive processing. In this study, we matched melodic and sentence stimuli in cloze probabilities and examined musical and linguistic prediction in Mandarin- (Experiment 1) and English-speaking (Experiment 2) autistic and non-autistic individuals using both production and perception tasks. In the production tasks, participants listened to unfinished melodies/sentences and then produced the final notes/words to complete these items. In the perception tasks, participants provided expectedness ratings of the completed melodies/sentences based on the most frequent notes/words in the norms. While Experiment 1 showed intact musical prediction but atypical linguistic prediction in autism in the Mandarin sample that demonstrated imbalanced musical training experience and receptive vocabulary skills between groups, the group difference disappeared in a more closely matched sample of English speakers in Experiment 2. These findings suggest the importance of taking an individual differences approach when investigating predictive processing in music and language in autism, as the difficulty in prediction in autism may not be due to generalized problems with prediction in any type of complex sequence processing.

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自闭症患者对音乐和语言的预测性处理:来自普通话和英语使用者的证据。
自闭症的非典型预测处理与多个领域有关,主要基于人为的前因后果。语言和音乐作为结构化序列,其预期来自于对组合原则的内隐学习,为研究预测处理提供了自然的刺激。在本研究中,我们将旋律刺激和句子刺激进行了概率匹配,并使用制作和感知任务对普通话(实验 1)和英语(实验 2)自闭症患者和非自闭症患者的音乐和语言预测进行了研究。在制作任务中,参与者聆听未完成的旋律/句子,然后制作最后的音符/单词来完成这些项目。在感知任务中,受试者根据规范中最常见的音符/单词对已完成的旋律/句子进行预期度评级。实验 1 显示,在普通话样本中,自闭症患者的音乐预测能力完好无损,但语言预测能力却很不正常,这表明组间的音乐训练经验和接受词汇技能不平衡。这些发现表明,在研究自闭症患者的音乐和语言预测处理时,采用个体差异方法非常重要,因为自闭症患者的预测困难可能不是由于任何类型的复杂序列处理中的预测普遍存在问题。
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来源期刊
Autism Research
Autism Research 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
8.50%
发文量
187
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: AUTISM RESEARCH will cover the developmental disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (or autism spectrum disorders – ASDs). The Journal focuses on basic genetic, neurobiological and psychological mechanisms and how these influence developmental processes in ASDs.
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