Metallurgical slag used for efficient growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to achieve CO2 conversion to biodiesel

Hua-Wei Guo, Ya-Jun Wang, Huan Liu, Ya-Nan Zeng, Wei-Jie Wang, Tian-Ji Liu, Le-Le Kang, Rui Ji, Yi-Tong Wang, Jun-Guo Li, Zhen Fang
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Abstract

Metallurgical slag such as solid waste generated in the steel industry carries environmental pollution risks, but it is rich in nutrients required by microalgae. Metallurgical slag used for carbon capture and biomass energy conversion has multiple benefits: (i) reduction and harmless treatment of metallurgical solid waste, (ii) assisting in carbon neutrality by efficient carbon fixation, and (iii) production of biodiesel from CO2. In this study, AOD, BOF, BFS, HVS, and VTS slag were applied to culture Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) with the regulation of growth, carbon fixation, and lipid synthesis. An excellent fixed amount of CO2 with 94.59 mg is obtained from C. pyrenoidosa biomass at BOF slag added (mass ratio of CO2 captured/microalgae/slag with 1.99/1.00/10.53) since high Ca/Mg mass ratio of 419 (8.38 mg/L Ca and 0.02 mg/L Mg), no Cr and low concentration of Al (0.04 mg/L) contribute to regulating antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD and POD) to resist ROS and improving PEPC activity to reduce carbon flux toward lipid to promote biomass synthesis. Both metal concentrations from Ca (5.86 mg/L), Mg (0.05 mg/L), Al (0.42 mg/L), and Cr (0.006 mg/L) and suitable pH (10.53) in AOD leaching solution at solid/liquid ratio of 0.5 g/L change carbon flow toward efficient lipid synthesis (47.07 wt%) by continuously providing raw materials and energy by regulating ACC, ME, and PEPC activities. High value-added biodiesel with high concentrations of C16 and C18 methyl esters from lipid of C. pyrenoidosa is achieved, following other ecological and economic benefits including 197 mg CO2 captured and 2198 mg AOD applied with harmless. In this study, C. pyrenoidosa is cultured with elements from metallurgical slag solid waste, which promotes C. pyrenoidosa efficient carbon fixation to assist in carbon neutrality, and provides guidance for CO2 conversion to high-value-added products with low cost.

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利用冶金渣促进焦绿球藻的高效生长,实现二氧化碳转化为生物柴油
冶金渣(如钢铁工业产生的固体废弃物)具有环境污染风险,但它富含微藻所需的营养物质。将冶金渣用于碳捕集和生物质能源转换具有多重益处:(i) 冶金固体废弃物的减量化和无害化处理,(ii) 通过有效的碳固定实现碳中和,(iii) 利用二氧化碳生产生物柴油。本研究将 AOD、BOF、BFS、HVS 和 VTS 矿渣应用于培养拟小球藻(C. pyrenoidosa),并对其生长、碳固定和脂质合成进行了调控。由于钙镁质量比高达 419(钙为 8.38 mg/L,镁为 0.02 mg/L),因此在加入京滨炉渣后,焦绿藻生物质获得了极好的二氧化碳固定量(94.59 mg)(二氧化碳捕获量/微藻/炉渣的质量比为 1.99/1.00/10.53)。02 毫克/升)、无铬和低浓度铝(0.04 毫克/升),有助于调节抗氧化酶活性(SOD 和 POD)以抵御 ROS,并提高 PEPC 活性以减少流向脂质的碳流量,从而促进生物量合成。在固液比为 0.5 g/L 的 AOD 浸出液中,Ca(5.86 mg/L)、Mg(0.05 mg/L)、Al(0.42 mg/L)和 Cr(0.006 mg/L)的金属浓度以及合适的 pH 值(10.53)都能通过调节 ACC、ME 和 PEPC 的活性,持续提供原料和能量,从而改变碳流量,使其流向高效的脂质合成(47.07 wt%)。利用类焦磷酸藻脂合成的高浓度 C16 和 C18 甲酯实现了高附加值生物柴油,同时还带来了其他生态和经济效益,包括捕获 197 毫克二氧化碳和 2198 毫克无公害 AOD。本研究利用冶金渣固体废弃物中的元素培养类焦磷酸藻,促进类焦磷酸藻高效固碳以实现碳中和,并为低成本将二氧化碳转化为高附加值产品提供指导。
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Issue Information Front Cover: Carbon Neutralization, Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2024 Inside Back Cover Image: Carbon Neutralization, Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2024 Back Cover Image: Carbon Neutralization, Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2024 A chronicle of titanium niobium oxide materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries: From laboratory to industry
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