A novel pellet-based 3D printing of high stretchable elastomer

Abstract

Elastomers, known for their high stretchability and flexibility, are widely used in high-tech applications. However, traditional manufacturing methods for elastomeric part production have limitations. 3D printing, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM), offers a promising alternative by allowing the fabrication of customized elastomers with desired shapes and properties. Conventional filament-based FDM techniques struggle to print elastomers. This article presents a novel approach for 3D printing polyolefin elastomer (POE) using a direct pellet printing technique. A customized pellet printer with a pneumatic pressure feeding system was used that eliminates filament buckling issues commonly associated with conventional filament-based 3D printing methods. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the printed parts were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of the technique for producing high-quality elastomeric components. SEM images indicated a high-quality and accurate printing method; however, there are micro-holes between the raster due to the high shrinkage rate of POE and increasing the nozzle temperature improves the print quality. The mechanical properties of the printed samples exhibited remarkable formability, with elongation reaching up to 1965%. It is also found that as the nozzle temperature increased, the strength, elongation, and bonding between layers improved significantly. This innovative 3D printing technique has the potential for various applications such as soft robotics and wearable electronics.