Max Rohrbacher, H. Hasselhorn, Nuria Matilla-Santander
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal association between multi-dimensionally measured precarious employment (PE) trajectories and mental health among older employees in Germany.
METHODS
Current data from the German lidA study was used, including panel cases, who participated in all four survey waves (2011, 2014, 2018, 2022). The study comprised 1636 subjects, aged 46 and 52 years at baseline. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to model PE trajectories based on a score combining multiple items from the dimensions employment insecurity and income inadequacy. The association between PE trajectories (2011-2022) and mental health (2022) was tested using weighted logistic regression.
RESULTS
We identified a PE trajectory with upward movement that best described 13.6% of the study sample. Representation in this group was socially unequally distributed with noticeably larger shares of female, lower-educated and lower-skilled workers in PE. Women following this trajectory had increased odds [odds ratio (OR) 1.68-1.82] of reporting poor mental health in 2022 compared to their counterparts in constant non-PE. This was not the case for men (OR 0.37-0.51).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight horizontal and vertical inequalities with respect to exposure to and consequences of PE. Future labor market reforms should improve protection of women, who will likely be disadvantaged by accumulating employment-related mental health risks over the course of their lives.
目的本研究旨在调查德国老年雇员的多维度不稳定就业(PE)轨迹与心理健康之间的纵向联系。方法本研究使用了德国lidA研究的当前数据,其中包括参加了所有四次调查(2011年、2014年、2018年和2022年)的面板病例。研究对象共 1636 人,基线年龄分别为 46 岁和 52 岁。研究采用基于群体的轨迹模型,根据就业不稳定和收入不足两个维度多个项目的综合得分来模拟 PE 轨迹。通过加权逻辑回归法检验了 PE 轨迹(2011-2022 年)与心理健康(2022 年)之间的关联。结果我们发现,在研究样本中有 13.6% 的人的 PE 轨迹呈上升趋势。该群体的社会分布不均,女性、低学历和低技能工人在 PE 中的比例明显较高。与常年从事非 PE 工作的女性相比,从事 PE 工作的女性在 2022 年报告心理健康状况不佳的几率[几率比 (OR) 1.68-1.82]更高。结论我们的研究结果凸显了在遭受 PE 及其后果方面的横向和纵向不平等。未来的劳动力市场改革应加强对女性的保护,因为她们很可能会在一生中因积累与就业相关的心理健康风险而处于不利地位。
期刊介绍:
The aim of the Journal is to promote research in the fields of occupational and environmental health and safety and to increase knowledge through the publication of original research articles, systematic reviews, and other information of high interest. Areas of interest include occupational and environmental epidemiology, occupational and environmental medicine, psychosocial factors at work, physical work load, physical activity work-related mental and musculoskeletal problems, aging, work ability and return to work, working hours and health, occupational hygiene and toxicology, work safety and injury epidemiology as well as occupational health services. In addition to observational studies, quasi-experimental and intervention studies are welcome as well as methodological papers, occupational cohort profiles, and studies associated with economic evaluation. The Journal also publishes short communications, case reports, commentaries, discussion papers, clinical questions, consensus reports, meeting reports, other reports, book reviews, news, and announcements (jobs, courses, events etc).