Digital interventions for adolescents with type 1 diabetes to promote health literacy? A qualitative study on physicians’ perspective in Germany

A. Naef, Nadine Fischbock, Hürrem Tezcan-Güntekin, V. Amelung
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Abstract

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) require a high level of health literacy (HL) to prevent complications. It remains unclear what potential digital interventions have for promoting HL among adolescents with T1D, as viewed by physicians working with this target group. Additionally, it is unclear how the institutions (inpatient care and outpatient care) can support and facilitate the use of digital interventions to promote HL.An exploratory study was conducted using semistructured interviews with physicians (n=12) in Germany. The interview questions are based on a previous systematic review. The coding was conducted deductively and inductively using MAXQDA software. Subsequently, the interviews were analysed systematically through an iterative process of content analyses in line with Kuckartzet al.It was reported by the physicians that digital interventions are underused due to technical resources, lack of structural conditions, information and legal constraints. The utilisation of digital interventions to promote HL was heterogeneous and depended primarily on the willingness of the physicians. Communication strategy techniques were widely employed to motivate patients, an activity occurring mainly in-person, thus limiting the opportunity for the deployment of digital interventions.To increase the use of digital interventions and improve HL, support for digital literacy skills could be implemented. Capacity building through patient-centred, interdisciplinary and participatory culture should be considered. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for practice, research and policy.
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对患有 1 型糖尿病的青少年采取数字干预措施以促进健康知识普及?关于德国医生观点的定性研究
1 型糖尿病(T1D)青少年患者需要较高的健康素养(HL)来预防并发症。目前仍不清楚,在为 T1D 青少年患者服务的医生看来,数字干预在促进这一目标群体的健康素养方面有哪些潜力。此外,还不清楚医疗机构(住院治疗和门诊治疗)如何支持和促进数字化干预措施的使用,以提高患者的健康素养。访谈问题以之前的系统综述为基础。使用 MAXQDA 软件进行了演绎和归纳编码。随后,根据 Kuckartzet al.的方法,通过内容分析的迭代过程对访谈进行了系统分析。医生们报告说,由于技术资源、结构条件、信息和法律限制,数字化干预措施使用不足。利用数字干预促进 HL 的情况各不相同,主要取决于医生的意愿。为了增加数字干预措施的使用并改善 HL,可以实施数字扫盲技能支持。应考虑通过以患者为中心、跨学科和参与式文化进行能力建设。本研究的结果可为实践、研究和政策提供有价值的见解。
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