NT‐pro‐BNP is predictive of morbidity and mortality after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and is independent of preoperative hemodynamics

Abstract

Abstract Current predictors of clinical outcomes after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are largely limited to preoperative clinical characteristics. N‐terminal‐pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐pro‐BNP), a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction, has not yet been well described as one such predictor. From 2017 to 2021, 816 patients with CTEPH referred to the University of California, San Diego for PTE were reviewed for differences in NT‐pro‐BNP to predict preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes up to 30 days post‐PTE. For analysis, NT‐pro‐BNP was dichotomized to less than/equal to or greater than 1000 pg/mL based on the mean of the study population. Mean NT‐pro‐BNP was 1095.9 ±1783.4 pg/mL and median was 402.5 pg/mL (interquartile range: 119.5–1410.8). Of the 816 patients included, 250 had NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL. Those with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL were significantly more likely to have worse preoperative functional class (III–IV) and worse preoperative hemodynamics. Patients with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL also tended to have more postoperative complications including reperfusion pulmonary edema (22% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001), airway hemorrhage (8.4% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.075), residual pulmonary hypertension (11.9% vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001), and 30‐day mortality (4.8% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.001). Even after adjusting for confounders, patients with NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL had a 2.48 times higher odds (95% confidence interval: 1.45–4.00) of reaching a combined endpoint that included the above complications. Preoperative NT‐pro‐BNP > 1000 pg/mL is a strong predictor of more severe preoperative hemodynamics and identifies patients at higher risk for postoperative complications.