Projectively and affinely invariant PDEs on hypersurfaces

Abstract

In Communications in Contemporary Mathematics24 3, (2022),the authors have developed a method for constructing G-invariant partial differential equations (PDEs) imposed on hypersurfaces of an $(n+1)$ -dimensional homogeneous space $G/H$ , under mild assumptions on the Lie group G. In the present paper, the method is applied to the case when $G=\mathsf{PGL}(n+1)$ (respectively, $G=\mathsf{Aff}(n+1)$ ) and the homogeneous space $G/H$ is the $(n+1)$ -dimensional projective $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ (respectively, affine $\mathbb{A}^{n+1}$ ) space, respectively. The main result of the paper is that projectively or affinely invariant PDEs with n independent and one unknown variables are in one-to-one correspondence with invariant hypersurfaces of the space of trace-free cubic forms in n variables with respect to the group $\mathsf{CO}(d,n-d)$ of conformal transformations of $\mathbb{R}^{d,n-d}$ .