First comprehensive higher level phylogeny of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) including estimated ages of the major lineages and a review of known zygaenid fossils

IF 4.7 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Systematic Entomology Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI:10.1111/syen.12634
Mirela Mirić, Konstantin A. Efetov, Gerhard M. Tarmann, Andrea Chiocchio, Maria Heikkilä, David L. Wagner, Jadranka Rota
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Abstract

Zygaenidae, also known as burnet, forester, smoky, or leaf skeletonizer moths, are a family of mainly diurnal moths well known for their aposematic colouration and the ability to release hydrogen cyanide as a defence mechanism. So far, few attempts have been made to understand the evolutionary history of the global zygaenid fauna. Here, we inferred the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny for Zygaenidae to date and estimated the lineage timing-of-divergence with a Bayesian approach. Building on earlier work, we significantly increased the taxon and gene sampling for the family, which here included data from 30 gene fragments, recovered from public databases or newly sequenced, for almost 30% of the species representing 92 genera (49%) and all five subfamilies. We recovered strong support for the monophyly of Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae, and Zygaeninae. Procridinae were recovered as monophyletic with low support, whereas the monophyly of Callizygaeninae remains untested as we sampled only one of the two genera. In the core dataset, we recovered Procridinae as sister to Callizygaeninae + Chalcosiinae. This large clade is the sister lineage to Zygaeninae. The position of Inouelinae could not be resolved. The lineage leading to the extant Zygaenidae appears to have diverged in Late Cretaceous (ca. 86 Ma), while the divergence among the subfamilies occurred several million years before the Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction event (ca. 66 Ma). Additionally, we provide a review of known fossil Zygaenidae as Appendix S1. Our results form a strong basis for future studies of zygaenid biosystematics, including their ecology, evolution, and behaviour.

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首次全面的颧骨蜓科(鳞翅目)高阶系统发育,包括主要世系的估计年龄和已知颧骨蜓化石综述
颧蛾科(Zygaenidae),又称烧斑蛾、森林蛾、烟熏蛾或镂叶蛾,是一个主要以昼行性蛾类为主的家族,因其具有启示性的色彩和释放氰化氢作为一种防御机制而闻名。迄今为止,人们很少尝试了解全球颧蛾动物群的进化史。在这里,我们推断出了迄今为止最全面的颧骨蜓科分子系统进化史,并用贝叶斯方法估计了各系的分化时间。在早期工作的基础上,我们大幅增加了该科的类群和基因取样,其中包括从公共数据库中恢复或新测序的 30 个基因片段的数据,这些数据代表了 92 个属(49%)和所有 5 个亚科近 30% 的物种。我们发现 Zygaenidae、Chalcosiinae 和 Zygaeninae 的单系性得到了强有力的支持。Procridinae 的单系支持率较低,而 Callizygaeninae 的单系支持率仍有待验证,因为我们只对两个属中的一个属进行了取样。在核心数据集中,我们发现 Procridinae 是 Callizygaeninae + Chalcosiinae 的姊妹支系。这个大支系是 Zygaeninae 的姊妹系。Inouelinae 的位置尚未确定。导致现生 Zygaenidae 的世系似乎在晚白垩世(约 86 Ma)分化,而亚科之间的分化则发生在白垩纪-古近纪大灭绝事件(约 66 Ma)之前的几百万年。此外,我们还在附录 S1 中提供了已知 Zygaenidae 化石的综述。我们的研究结果为今后研究颧骨蜥的生物系统学,包括其生态学、进化和行为学奠定了坚实的基础。
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来源期刊
Systematic Entomology
Systematic Entomology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
49
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Systematic Entomology publishes original papers on insect systematics, phylogenetics and integrative taxonomy, with a preference for general interest papers of broad biological, evolutionary or zoogeographical relevance.
期刊最新文献
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