{"title":"Comparative analysis of ocular biometry, ocular protrusion, and palpebral fissure dimensions in brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic dog breeds","authors":"Nuanwan Rujirekasuwan, Panpicha Sattasathuchana, Wutthiwong Theerapan, Naris Thengchaisri","doi":"10.1111/vru.13351","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study compared skull morphology and ocular parameters in brachycephalic (BC, <jats:italic>n </jats:italic>= 16) and nonbrachycephalic (NB, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 16) dogs using head CT scans. The results of a Schirmer tear test I (STT I), intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular biometry, external structure, ocular protrusion, and palpebral fissure dimensions were evaluated and compared between BC and NB dogs. There were no statistically significant differences in the STT I results, IOP, globe dimensions, globe volume, internal structure, and external structure between BC and NB dogs (<jats:italic>P </jats:italic>> .05). Brachycephalic dogs exhibited significantly greater ocular protrusion and significantly larger palpebral fissure dimensions compared with NB dogs. For all dogs, we found a strong positive correlation between globe volume and body weight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.836, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= .0000). The globe volumes, external structure parameters, and ocular protrusion were normalized by body weight and were also significantly larger in BC dogs compared with NB dogs (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < .001). The ocular protrusion (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.521, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>< .0000) and horizontal palpebral fissure (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.372, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= .0024) showed a moderate positive correlation with the cephalic index (CI). Additionally, normalized globe volume (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.435, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= .0003), normalized orbital depth (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.419, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= .0005), and normalized retrobulbar depth (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.444, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= .0002) had a moderate positive correlation with the CI. The study emphasizes how the distinctive skull structure of BC dogs, with shortened facial bones and thickened retrobulbar soft tissue, influences their ocular appearance and raises the risk of eye problems.","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.13351","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study compared skull morphology and ocular parameters in brachycephalic (BC, n = 16) and nonbrachycephalic (NB, n = 16) dogs using head CT scans. The results of a Schirmer tear test I (STT I), intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular biometry, external structure, ocular protrusion, and palpebral fissure dimensions were evaluated and compared between BC and NB dogs. There were no statistically significant differences in the STT I results, IOP, globe dimensions, globe volume, internal structure, and external structure between BC and NB dogs (P > .05). Brachycephalic dogs exhibited significantly greater ocular protrusion and significantly larger palpebral fissure dimensions compared with NB dogs. For all dogs, we found a strong positive correlation between globe volume and body weight (r = 0.836, P = .0000). The globe volumes, external structure parameters, and ocular protrusion were normalized by body weight and were also significantly larger in BC dogs compared with NB dogs (P < .001). The ocular protrusion (r = 0.521, P < .0000) and horizontal palpebral fissure (r = 0.372, P = .0024) showed a moderate positive correlation with the cephalic index (CI). Additionally, normalized globe volume (r = 0.435, P = .0003), normalized orbital depth (r = 0.419, P = .0005), and normalized retrobulbar depth (r = 0.444, P = .0002) had a moderate positive correlation with the CI. The study emphasizes how the distinctive skull structure of BC dogs, with shortened facial bones and thickened retrobulbar soft tissue, influences their ocular appearance and raises the risk of eye problems.
期刊介绍:
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is a bimonthly, international, peer-reviewed, research journal devoted to the fields of veterinary diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology. Established in 1958, it is owned by the American College of Veterinary Radiology and is also the official journal for six affiliate veterinary organizations. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is represented on the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, World Association of Medical Editors, and Committee on Publication Ethics.
The mission of Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is to serve as a leading resource for high quality articles that advance scientific knowledge and standards of clinical practice in the areas of veterinary diagnostic radiology, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, nuclear imaging, radiation oncology, and interventional radiology. Manuscript types include original investigations, imaging diagnosis reports, review articles, editorials and letters to the Editor. Acceptance criteria include originality, significance, quality, reader interest, composition and adherence to author guidelines.