Release of phosphorus and metal(loid)s from manured soils to floodwater during a laboratory simulation of snowmelt flooding

IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI:10.1002/jeq2.20564
Viranga Weerasinghe, Inoka Amarakoon, Darshani Kumaragamage, Nora J. Casson, Srimathie Indraratne, Douglas Goltz, Xiaopeng Gao
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Abstract

Phosphorus (P) and metal accumulation in manured agricultural soils and subsequent losses to waterways have been extensively studied; however, the magnitudes and the factors governing their losses during spring snowmelt flooding are less known. We examined the P and metal release from long-term manured soil to floodwater under simulated snowmelt flooding with recent manure additions. Intact soil columns collected from field plots located in Randolph, Southern Manitoba, 2 weeks after liquid swine manure treatments (surface-applied, injected, or control with no recent manure addition) were flooded and incubated for 8 weeks at 4 ± 1°C to simulate snowmelt conditions. Floodwater (syringe filtered through 0.45 µm) and soil porewater (extracted using Rhizon-Mom samplers) samples were periodically extracted and analyzed for dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), pH, zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and arsenic (As). Mean floodwater DRP concentrations (mg L−1) for manure injected (2.0 ± 0.26), surface-applied (2.6 ± 0.26), and control (2.2 ± 0.26) treatments did not differ significantly. Despite manure application, DRP loss to floodwater did not significantly increase compared to the control, possibly due to the elevated residual soil P at this site from the long-term manure use. At the end of simulated flooding, the DRP concentrations increased by 1.5-fold and 5-fold in porewater and floodwater, respectively. Metal(loid) concentrations were not affected by manure treatments in general, except for Zn and Mg on certain days. Unlike DRP, where porewater and floodwater concentrations increased with time, metalloid concentration in porewater and floodwater did not show consistent trends with flooding time.

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实验室模拟融雪洪水过程中肥沃土壤向洪水释放磷和金属的情况
磷(P)和金属在施肥农田土壤中的积累以及随后在水道中的流失已被广泛研究;然而,在春季融雪洪水期间,其流失量及其影响因素却鲜为人知。我们研究了在最近添加粪肥的模拟融雪洪水条件下,长期施肥土壤向洪水中释放 P 和金属的情况。从位于马尼托巴省南部伦道夫的田间小块采集的完整土柱,在液态猪粪处理(表面施用、注射或近期未添加粪肥的对照)2 周后被淹没,并在 4 ± 1°C 的温度下培养 8 周,以模拟融雪条件。定期提取洪水(注射器过滤 0.45 µm)和土壤孔隙水(使用 Rhizon-Mom 采样器提取)样本,并分析溶解性活性磷 (DRP)、pH 值、锌 (Zn)、锰 (Mn)、铁 (Fe)、镁 (Mg)、钙 (Ca) 和砷 (As)。注入粪肥(2.0 ± 0.26)、表面施肥(2.6 ± 0.26)和对照(2.2 ± 0.26)处理的洪水 DRP 平均浓度(毫克/升-1)没有显著差异。尽管施用了粪肥,但与对照组相比,洪水造成的 DRP 损失并没有明显增加,这可能是由于长期使用粪肥造成该地土壤中的残余 P 升高所致。在模拟洪水结束时,孔隙水和洪水中的 DRP 浓度分别增加了 1.5 倍和 5 倍。金属(loid)浓度一般不受粪肥处理的影响,只有锌和镁在某些日子受到影响。与 DRP 不同的是,DRP 的孔隙水和泛滥水中的金属类物质浓度随着时间的推移而增加,而孔隙水和泛滥水中的金属类物质浓度并没有随着淹水时间的推移而呈现出一致的趋势。
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来源期刊
Journal of environmental quality
Journal of environmental quality 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
123
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in JEQ cover various aspects of anthropogenic impacts on the environment, including agricultural, terrestrial, atmospheric, and aquatic systems, with emphasis on the understanding of underlying processes. To be acceptable for consideration in JEQ, a manuscript must make a significant contribution to the advancement of knowledge or toward a better understanding of existing concepts. The study should define principles of broad applicability, be related to problems over a sizable geographic area, or be of potential interest to a representative number of scientists. Emphasis is given to the understanding of underlying processes rather than to monitoring. Contributions are accepted from all disciplines for consideration by the editorial board. Manuscripts may be volunteered, invited, or coordinated as a special section or symposium.
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