Definition and Management of Arrhythmia-induced Cardiomyopathy: Findings from the European Heart Rhythm Association Survey

Abstract

Background Arrhythmia-induced Cardiomyopathy (AiCM) represents a subtype of acute heart failure (HF) in the context of sustained arrhythmia. Clear definitions and management recommendations for AiCM are lacking. Purpose The European Heart Rhythm Association Scientific Initiatives Committee (EHRA SIC) conducted a survey to explore the current definitions and management of patients with AiCM among European and non-European electrophysiologists. Methods A 25-item online questionnaire was developed and distributed among EP specialists on the EHRA SIC website and on social media between September 4th and October 5th 2023. Results Of the 206 respondents, 16% were female and 61% were between 30-49 years old. Most of the respondents were EP-Specialists (81%) working at University Hospitals (47%). While most participants (67%) agreed that AiCM should be defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) impairment after new onset of an arrhythmia, only 35% identified a specific LVEF drop to diagnose AiCM with a wide range of values (5-20% LVEF drop). Most respondents considered all available therapies: catheter ablation(93%), electrical cardioversion(83%), antiarrhythmic drugs (76%) and adjuvant HF treatment(76%). 83% of respondents indicated that adjuvant HF treatment should be started at first HF diagnosis prior to antiarrhythmic treatment and 84% agreed it should be stopped within six months after LVEF normalization. Responses for the optimal time point for the first LVEF reassessment during follow-up varied markedly (1 day-6 months after antiarrhythmic treatment). Conclusion This EHRA Survey reveals varying practices regarding AiCM among physicians, highlighting a lack of consensus and heterogenous care of these patients.