Topology optimization of AISI 4140 steel with surface texture filled by multi-solid lubricants for enhancing tribological properties

IF 6.3 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Friction Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI:10.1007/s40544-024-0863-x
Qipeng Huang, Chaohua Wu, Xiaoliang Shi, Kaipeng Zhang
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Abstract

Wind power gears will be excessively worn due to lubrication failure during operation. Herein, the tribological properties of rubbing pairs are improved by filling solid lubricants into surface texture. In texture design, three types of topological textures (Circle (C), Hexagon (H) and Circle/Hexagon (CH)) were obtained by cell topology optimization, and then three cases with 20%, 30%, and 40% density were designed for each texture. Next, SnAgCu and TiC were deposited in texture of AISI 4140 steel (AS) to obtain 9 kinds of self-lubricating surfaces. Among them, AS with 30% CH density (AS-CH30) exhibits excellent mechanical and tribological properties. Compared with AS-C and AS-H, the maximum equivalent stress of AS-CH was decreased by 10.86% and 5.37%, respectively. Friction coefficient and wear rate of AS-CH30 were 79.68% and 78% lower than those of AS. The excellent tribological performances of AS-CH30 can be attributed to the synergistic effect of topological surface and solid lubricants. Topological surface can not only reduce fluctuation of equivalent stress, but also promote the stored lubricants to be easily transferred at the contact interface to form a 200 nm lubricating film containing solid lubricants (mainly), oxides and wear debris.

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采用多固体润滑剂填充表面纹理的 AISI 4140 钢的拓扑优化,以提高摩擦学性能
风电齿轮在运行过程中会因润滑失效而过度磨损。在这里,通过在表面纹理中填充固体润滑剂来改善摩擦副的摩擦学特性。在纹理设计中,通过单元拓扑优化获得了三种拓扑纹理(圆形(C)、六角形(H)和圆形/六角形(CH)),然后为每种纹理设计了 20%、30% 和 40% 密度的三种情况。接着,在 AISI 4140 钢(AS)的纹理中沉积 SnAgCu 和 TiC,得到 9 种自润滑表面。其中,CH 密度为 30% 的 AS(AS-CH30)具有优异的机械性能和摩擦学性能。与 AS-C 和 AS-H 相比,AS-CH 的最大等效应力分别降低了 10.86% 和 5.37%。AS-CH30 的摩擦系数和磨损率分别比 AS 低 79.68% 和 78%。AS-CH30 的优异摩擦学性能可归因于拓扑表面和固体润滑剂的协同作用。拓扑表面不仅能减少等效应力的波动,还能促进储存的润滑剂在接触界面上轻松转移,形成一层含有固体润滑剂(主要是)、氧化物和磨损碎屑的 200 nm 润滑膜。
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来源期刊
Friction
Friction Engineering-Mechanical Engineering
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
13.20%
发文量
324
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Friction is a peer-reviewed international journal for the publication of theoretical and experimental research works related to the friction, lubrication and wear. Original, high quality research papers and review articles on all aspects of tribology are welcome, including, but are not limited to, a variety of topics, such as: Friction: Origin of friction, Friction theories, New phenomena of friction, Nano-friction, Ultra-low friction, Molecular friction, Ultra-high friction, Friction at high speed, Friction at high temperature or low temperature, Friction at solid/liquid interfaces, Bio-friction, Adhesion, etc. Lubrication: Superlubricity, Green lubricants, Nano-lubrication, Boundary lubrication, Thin film lubrication, Elastohydrodynamic lubrication, Mixed lubrication, New lubricants, New additives, Gas lubrication, Solid lubrication, etc. Wear: Wear materials, Wear mechanism, Wear models, Wear in severe conditions, Wear measurement, Wear monitoring, etc. Surface Engineering: Surface texturing, Molecular films, Surface coatings, Surface modification, Bionic surfaces, etc. Basic Sciences: Tribology system, Principles of tribology, Thermodynamics of tribo-systems, Micro-fluidics, Thermal stability of tribo-systems, etc. Friction is an open access journal. It is published quarterly by Tsinghua University Press and Springer, and sponsored by the State Key Laboratory of Tribology (TsinghuaUniversity) and the Tribology Institute of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.
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