{"title":"Continuous Crystallization Kinetics of Cefradine in a Mixed Suspension Mixed Product Removal System","authors":"Yueyi Yang, Chenxin Xie, Chuang Ma*, Baoshu Liu, Xiaowei Cheng*, Hongxun Hao and Hua Sun, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00461","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding the continuous crystallization process is of paramount interest in the industry. In this work, the continuous crystallization kinetics of cefradine in a three-stage mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) system was investigated at a steady state. In addition, the nucleation rate and growth rate of cefradine at different temperatures and stirring rates were determined on the basis of the population balance equation and further regressed on the basis of the different parameters. The results show that the crystal nucleation rate and growth rate are the fastest in the third stage and in the first stage, respectively. According to the regressed nucleation and growth rate models, the relative concentration had a smaller effect on the growth rate than that on the nucleation rate with a larger fitted parameter of relative concentration. The nucleation rate was significantly affected by the stirring rate with the largest fitted parameter of the stirring rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":55,"journal":{"name":"Organic Process Research & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Organic Process Research & Development","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00461","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Understanding the continuous crystallization process is of paramount interest in the industry. In this work, the continuous crystallization kinetics of cefradine in a three-stage mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) system was investigated at a steady state. In addition, the nucleation rate and growth rate of cefradine at different temperatures and stirring rates were determined on the basis of the population balance equation and further regressed on the basis of the different parameters. The results show that the crystal nucleation rate and growth rate are the fastest in the third stage and in the first stage, respectively. According to the regressed nucleation and growth rate models, the relative concentration had a smaller effect on the growth rate than that on the nucleation rate with a larger fitted parameter of relative concentration. The nucleation rate was significantly affected by the stirring rate with the largest fitted parameter of the stirring rate.
期刊介绍:
The journal Organic Process Research & Development serves as a communication tool between industrial chemists and chemists working in universities and research institutes. As such, it reports original work from the broad field of industrial process chemistry but also presents academic results that are relevant, or potentially relevant, to industrial applications. Process chemistry is the science that enables the safe, environmentally benign and ultimately economical manufacturing of organic compounds that are required in larger amounts to help address the needs of society. Consequently, the Journal encompasses every aspect of organic chemistry, including all aspects of catalysis, synthetic methodology development and synthetic strategy exploration, but also includes aspects from analytical and solid-state chemistry and chemical engineering, such as work-up tools,process safety, or flow-chemistry. The goal of development and optimization of chemical reactions and processes is their transfer to a larger scale; original work describing such studies and the actual implementation on scale is highly relevant to the journal. However, studies on new developments from either industry, research institutes or academia that have not yet been demonstrated on scale, but where an industrial utility can be expected and where the study has addressed important prerequisites for a scale-up and has given confidence into the reliability and practicality of the chemistry, also serve the mission of OPR&D as a communication tool between the different contributors to the field.