Do people know how suicidal they will be? Understanding suicidal prospection.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI:10.1111/sltb.13087

Daniel D L Coppersmith, Adam C Jaroszewski, Samuel J Gershman, Christine B Cha, Alexander J Millner, Rebecca G Fortgang, Evan M Kleiman, Matthew K Nock

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Abstract

Introduction: Little research has been done on how people mentally simulate future suicidal thoughts and urges, a process we term suicidal prospection.

Methods: Participants were 94 adults with recent suicidal thoughts. Participants completed a 42-day real-time monitoring study and then a follow-up survey 28 days later. Each night, participants provided predictions for the severity of their suicidal thoughts the next day and ratings of the severity of suicidal thoughts over the past day. We measured three aspects of suicidal prospection: predicted levels of desire to kill self, urge to kill self, and intent to kill self. We generated prediction errors by subtracting participants' predictions of the severity of their suicidal thoughts from their experienced severity.

Results: Participants tended to overestimate (although the average magnitude was small and the modal error was zero) the severity of their future suicidal thoughts. The best fitting models suggested that participants used both their current suicidal thinking and previous predictions of their suicidal thinking to generate predictions of their future suicidal thinking. Finally, the average severity of predicted future suicidal thoughts predicted the number of days participants thought about suicide during the follow-up period.

Conclusions: This study highlights prospection as a psychological process to better understand suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

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人们知道自己会有多大的自杀倾向吗？了解自杀预感。

导言：关于人们如何在心理上模拟未来的自杀想法和冲动（我们称之为自杀预感）的研究很少：方法：研究对象为94名近期有自杀念头的成年人。参与者完成了一项为期 42 天的实时监测研究，并在 28 天后进行了后续调查。每天晚上，参与者都会预测第二天自杀念头的严重程度，并对过去一天自杀念头的严重程度进行评分。我们测量了自杀预感的三个方面：自杀欲望、自杀冲动和自杀意图的预测水平。我们将参与者对其自杀想法严重程度的预测减去他们所经历的严重程度，从而得出预测误差：结果：参与者倾向于高估他们未来自杀想法的严重程度（尽管平均误差很小，模态误差为零）。最佳拟合模型表明，参与者利用其当前的自杀想法和以前对其自杀想法的预测来产生对其未来自杀想法的预测。最后，预测的未来自杀想法的平均严重程度预测了参与者在随访期间想到自杀的天数：本研究强调了预测是一种心理过程，有助于更好地理解自杀想法和行为。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： An excellent resource for researchers as well as students, Social Cognition features reports on empirical research, self-perception, self-concept, social neuroscience, person-memory integration, social schemata, the development of social cognition, and the role of affect in memory and perception. Three broad concerns define the scope of the journal: - The processes underlying the perception, memory, and judgment of social stimuli - The effects of social, cultural, and affective factors on the processing of information - The behavioral and interpersonal consequences of cognitive processes.