Exosomal microRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in corneal diseases.

IF 1.8 3区医学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Vision Pub Date : 2024-03-15 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01

Swati Arora, Nagendra Verma

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Abstract

Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicle (EV) that are released and found in almost all body fluids. Exosomes consist of and carry a variety of bioactive molecules, including genetic information in the form of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNA, a type of small non-coding RNA, plays a key role in regulating genes by suppressing their translation. miRNAs are often disrupted in the pathophysiology of different conditions, including eye disease. The stability and easy detectability of exosomal miRNAs in body fluids make them promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of different diseases. Additionally, due to the natural delivery capabilities of exosomes, they can be modified to transport therapeutic miRNAs to specific recipient cells. Most exosome research has primarily focused on cancer, so there is limited research highlighting the importance of exosomes in ocular biology, particularly in cornea-associated pathologies. This review provides an overview of the existing evidence regarding the primary functions of exosomal miRNAs and their potential role in diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the human cornea.

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作为角膜疾病潜在生物标记物和治疗靶点的外泌体 microRNA。

外泌体是细胞外囊泡 (EV) 的一种亚型，几乎在所有体液中都会释放和发现。外泌体由多种生物活性分子组成并携带这些分子，其中包括以微核糖核酸（miRNA）形式存在的遗传信息。miRNA 是一种小型非编码 RNA，在通过抑制基因翻译来调节基因方面发挥着关键作用。miRNA 经常在包括眼病在内的各种疾病的病理生理学过程中被破坏。外泌体 miRNA 在体液中的稳定性和易检测性使其成为诊断不同疾病的有前途的生物标记物。此外，由于外泌体具有天然的递送能力，因此可以对其进行改造，将治疗用的 miRNA 运送到特定的受体细胞中。大多数外泌体研究主要集中在癌症方面，因此强调外泌体在眼部生物学，尤其是角膜相关病症中重要性的研究非常有限。本综述概述了有关外泌体 miRNA 主要功能及其在人类角膜诊断和治疗应用中潜在作用的现有证据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Vision 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Vision is a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the dissemination of research results in molecular biology, cell biology, and the genetics of the visual system (ocular and cortical). Molecular Vision publishes articles presenting original research that has not previously been published and comprehensive articles reviewing the current status of a particular field or topic. Submissions to Molecular Vision are subjected to rigorous peer review. Molecular Vision does NOT publish preprints. For authors, Molecular Vision provides a rapid means of communicating important results. Access to Molecular Vision is free and unrestricted, allowing the widest possible audience for your article. Digital publishing allows you to use color images freely (and without fees). Additionally, you may publish animations, sounds, or other supplementary information that clarifies or supports your article. Each of the authors of an article may also list an electronic mail address (which will be updated upon request) to give interested readers easy access to authors.