Reprogrammed mitochondria: a central hub of cancer cell metabolism.

IF 3.8 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1042/BST20231090
Fabio Ciccarone, Maria Rosa Ciriolo
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mitochondria represent the metabolic hub of normal cells and play this role also in cancer but with different functional purposes. While cells in differentiated tissues have the prerogative of maintaining basal metabolism and support the biosynthesis of specialized products, cancer cells have to rewire the metabolic constraints imposed by the differentiation process. They need to balance the bioenergetic supply with the anabolic requirements that entail the intense proliferation rate, including nucleotide and membrane lipid biosynthesis. For this aim, mitochondrial metabolism is reprogrammed following the activation of specific oncogenic pathways or due to specific mutations of mitochondrial proteins. The main process leading to mitochondrial metabolic rewiring is the alteration of the tricarboxylic acid cycle favoring the appropriate orchestration of anaplerotic and cataplerotic reactions. According to the tumor type or the microenvironmental conditions, mitochondria may decouple glucose catabolism from mitochondrial oxidation in favor of glutaminolysis or disable oxidative phosphorylation for avoiding harmful production of free radicals. These and other metabolic settings can be also determined by the neo-production of oncometabolites that are not specific for the tissue of origin or the accumulation of metabolic intermediates able to boost pro-proliferative metabolism also impacting epigenetic/transcriptional programs. The full characterization of tumor-specific mitochondrial signatures may provide the identification of new biomarkers and therapeutic opportunities based on metabolic approaches.

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重编程线粒体:癌细胞新陈代谢的中心枢纽。
线粒体是正常细胞的代谢枢纽,在癌症细胞中也发挥着这一作用,但功能目的不同。分化组织中的细胞拥有维持基础代谢和支持特化产品生物合成的特权,而癌细胞则必须重新连接分化过程带来的代谢限制。它们需要平衡生物能供应与高增殖率带来的合成代谢需求,包括核苷酸和膜脂的生物合成。为此,线粒体新陈代谢会在特定致癌途径激活或线粒体蛋白发生特定突变后重新编程。导致线粒体新陈代谢重构的主要过程是三羧酸循环的改变,这种改变有利于适当地协调无氧反应和有氧反应。根据肿瘤类型或微环境条件,线粒体可将葡萄糖分解与线粒体氧化分离,转而进行谷氨酰胺溶解,或使氧化磷酸化失效,以避免产生有害的自由基。这些和其他代谢环境还可由新产生的非原发组织特异性代谢产物或代谢中间产物的积累决定,这些代谢中间产物可促进增殖性代谢,并影响表观遗传/转录程序。对肿瘤特异性线粒体特征的全面描述,可为确定新的生物标记物和基于代谢方法的治疗机会提供依据。
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来源期刊
Biochemical Society transactions
Biochemical Society transactions 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
351
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Biochemical Society Transactions is the reviews journal of the Biochemical Society. Publishing concise reviews written by experts in the field, providing a timely snapshot of the latest developments across all areas of the molecular and cellular biosciences. Elevating our authors’ ideas and expertise, each review includes a perspectives section where authors offer comment on the latest advances, a glimpse of future challenges and highlighting the importance of associated research areas in far broader contexts.
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