Morpho-Functional Study of Cardioactive Neurohormones and Some Other Neuropeptides in the Nervous and Cardiac Systems of Rats in Normal and Pathological Conditions

IF 0.5 4区医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Neurochemical Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI:10.1134/s1819712423040025

S. S. Abrahamyan, A. Csillag, Z. Kh. Paronyan, I. K. Sahakyan, N. V. Tumasyan, N. V. Kocharyan, M. Palkovits

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Abstract

This review presents data from multilateral studies, aimed at determining the localization, release and the function of the cardioactive hormones found by acad. A. Galoyan and colleagues in the hypothalamic-pituitary system of the bovine brain. The isolated protein-carriers of the neurohormones K, C and G (PCK, PCC, PCG) have been found to differ from the protein-carrier of the vasopressin and oxytocin neurophysin. The coronary-dilating factors were also isolated from the bovine heart and medulla of the adrenal gland. Later, in various regions of the intact rat brain, PCG was immunohistochemically detected in the glial and nerve cells, as well as in the varicose nerve fibers and synaptosomes. In the intact rat heart, PCG was localized in the nerve fibers, as well as in the small catecholamine-containing SIF cells. Fourteen days after the unilateral vagotomy, aimed at clarifying the origin of PCG-IR in the heart, some PCG-Ir nerve fibers around the cardiomyocytes and the ganglion cells were detected mainly due to the preserved SIF cells and SCG sympathetic neurons containing PCG. PCG-immunonegative cardiac ganglion cells in both intact and colchicine-treated rats were excluded as a possible source of the external PCG-IR. Thus, PCG, together with the other neuropeptides studied by us (NPY, CGRP and VIP, SP, LENK) present in SIF cells, can be involved in the local regulatory mechanisms of the heart, thereby confirming the idea proposed by A. Galoyan regarding the “neurosecretion of the heart” and the literature data on the existence of the peptidergic system of the heart.

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正常和病理情况下大鼠神经和心脏系统中心肌活性神经激素和一些其他神经肽的形态功能研究

摘要本综述介绍了多方研究的数据，目的是确定 A. Galoyan 及其同事在牛脑下丘脑-垂体系统中发现的心肌活性荷尔蒙的定位、释放和功能。A. Galoyan 及其同事在牛脑下丘脑-垂体系统中发现的心肌活性激素的定位、释放和功能。他们发现神经激素 K、C 和 G（PCK、PCC、PCG）的分离蛋白载体与血管加压素和催产素神经鞘磷脂的蛋白载体不同。冠状动脉扩张因子也是从牛心脏和肾上腺髓质中分离出来的。随后，在完整大鼠大脑的不同区域，用免疫组织化学方法在神经胶质细胞和神经细胞以及曲张神经纤维和突触小体中检测到了 PCG。在完整的大鼠心脏中，PCG 定位于神经纤维以及含儿茶酚胺的小 SIF 细胞中。为了明确 PCG-IR 在心脏中的来源，大鼠在接受单侧迷走神经切断术 14 天后，在心肌细胞和神经节细胞周围检测到了一些 PCG-Ir 神经纤维，这主要是由于保留了含有 PCG 的 SIF 细胞和 SCG 交感神经元。完整大鼠和秋水仙碱处理大鼠的 PCG 免疫阴性的心脏神经节细胞被排除在外部 PCG-IR 的可能来源之外。因此，PCG 与我们研究的存在于 SIF 细胞中的其他神经肽（NPY、CGRP 和 VIP、SP、LENK）一起，可参与心脏的局部调节机制，从而证实了 A. Galoyan 提出的 "心脏神经分泌 "的观点以及关于心脏肽能系统存在的文献数据。

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来源期刊

Neurochemical Journal 医学-神经科学

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Neurochemical Journal (Neirokhimiya) provides a source for the communication of the latest findings in all areas of contemporary neurochemistry and other fields of relevance (including molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, neuroimmunology, pharmacology) in an afford to expand our understanding of the functions of the nervous system. The journal presents papers on functional neurochemistry, nervous system receptors, neurotransmitters, myelin, chromaffin granules and other components of the nervous system, as well as neurophysiological and clinical aspects, behavioral reactions, etc. Relevant topics include structure and function of the nervous system proteins, neuropeptides, nucleic acids, nucleotides, lipids, and other biologically active components. The journal is devoted to the rapid publication of regular papers containing the results of original research, reviews highlighting major developments in neurochemistry, short communications, new experimental studies that use neurochemical methodology, descriptions of new methods of value for neurochemistry, theoretical material suggesting novel principles and approaches to neurochemical problems, presentations of new hypotheses and significant findings, discussions, chronicles of congresses, meetings, and conferences with short presentations of the most sensational and timely reports, information on the activity of the Russian and International Neurochemical Societies, as well as advertisements of reagents and equipment.