Lisa L Korn, Vassily I Kutyavin, Nathaniel D Bachtel, Ruslan Medzhitov
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
While food is essential for survival, it can also cause a variety of harmful effects, ranging from intolerance to specific nutrients to celiac disease and food allergies. In addition to nutrients, foods contain myriads of substances that can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on the animals consuming them. Consequently, all animals evolved defense mechanisms that protect them from harmful food components. These "antitoxin" defenses have some parallels with antimicrobial defenses and operate at a cost to the animal's fitness. These costs outweigh benefits when defense responses are exaggerated or mistargeted, resulting in adverse reactions to foods. Additionally, pathological effects of foods can stem from insufficient defenses, due to unabated toxicity of harmful food components. We discuss the structure of antitoxin defenses and how their failures can lead to a variety of adverse food reactions.
期刊介绍:
Annual Review of Nutrition
Publication History:In publication since 1981
Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition
Topics Covered Include:
Energy metabolism;
Carbohydrates;
Lipids;
Proteins and amino acids;
Vitamins;
Minerals;
Nutrient transport and function;
Metabolic regulation;
Nutritional genomics;
Molecular and cell biology;
Clinical nutrition;
Comparative nutrition;
Nutritional anthropology;
Nutritional toxicology;
Nutritional microbiology;
Epidemiology;
Public health nutrition