Dissociated contributions of working memory and inhibitory control to children’s and adults’ analogical reasoning: Analogical strategies matter

IF 2 2区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105950

Wei Shao , Haichun Zhou , Yue Qi , Zejia Zhu , Tianci Zhang , Yiran Chen , Yinghe Chen , Xiao Yu

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Abstract

This study investigated whether and how each component of working memory (WM) and inhibitory control (IC) is related to analogical reasoning. Specifically, the mediating roles of analogical strategies were examined and compared across children and adults. In total, 79 children (50 girls; M ± SD = 8.43 ± 0.59 years old) and 77 adults (35 female; 19.44 ± 0.82 years old) were administered tests of WM, IC, and analogical reasoning. In addition, participants’ eye movement data during the analogical reasoning task were collected to classify the analogical strategies. The results showed that the semantic-constraint strategy completely mediated the relationship between WM (rather than IC) and analogical reasoning for children. However, for adults, the project-first strategy partially mediated the association between IC (rather than WM) and analogical reasoning. These findings reveal the dissociated roles of WM and IC in analogical reasoning through analogical strategies for children and adults and highlight the importance of analogical strategies.

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工作记忆和抑制控制对儿童和成人类比推理的不同贡献：类比策略的重要性

本研究调查了工作记忆（WM）和抑制控制（IC）的每个组成部分是否以及如何与类比推理相关。具体而言，研究人员考察了类比策略的中介作用，并对儿童和成人的类比策略进行了比较。共有 79 名儿童（50 名女孩；中位数±标准差 = 8.43 ± 0.59 岁）和 77 名成人（35 名女性；19.44 ± 0.82 岁）接受了 WM、IC 和类比推理测试。此外，还收集了参与者在类比推理任务中的眼动数据，以对类比策略进行分类。结果表明，语义限制策略对儿童的 WM（而非 IC）和类比推理之间的关系起到了完全的中介作用。然而，对于成人来说，项目优先策略部分地调解了 IC（而不是 WM）与类比推理之间的关系。这些发现揭示了通过类比策略，WM 和 IC 在儿童和成人类比推理中的不同作用，并强调了类比策略的重要性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Multiple-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

7.70%

发文量

190

期刊介绍： The Journal of Experimental Child Psychology is an excellent source of information concerning all aspects of the development of children. It includes empirical psychological research on cognitive, social/emotional, and physical development. In addition, the journal periodically publishes Special Topic issues.