Dynamics of Diversity of Spined Loaches of Genus Cobitis (Cobitidae) of Trans-Caucasus in the Anthropogenic Period According to the Data of Museum Collections. III. Morpho-genetic Variability, Taxonomic Status and Diagnostic Characters of Spined Loaches of the Black Sea Coast North of the Meskheti Ridge of the Lesser Caucasus
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Abstract
Based on a comparative study of the variability of external morphological characters, color features, craniological and karyological characteristics of spined loaches of the genus Cobitis from the water bodies of the Colchis Lowland, analysis of data on the geological history of the region and zoogeographical data, it was concluded that the populations of the eastern Black Sea coast north of the Meskheti Ridge of the Lesser Caucasus belong to an independent species C. osurgeticus. It differs from C. satunini, which inhabits the water bodies of Adjara, in the structure of the karyotype, a number of proportions of the neurocranium and individual skull bones, a shorter caudal peduncle, and the position of the dorsal fin. The revealed phylogenetic proximity of the mitochondrial genes of the two species may be associated with diploid–polyploid relationships and interspecific hybridization in the genus Cobitis and suggests the need for further studies of the populations of the eastern coast of the Black Sea, including the spined loaches of Abkhazia, for which a hybrid origin via crossing with C. tanaitica cannot be preliminarily excluded. The neotype of C. osurgeticus is designated, and the species diagnosis is presented.
摘要根据对科尔奇斯低地水体中刺鳅属的外部形态特征、颜色特征、头盖骨和核型特征的变异性进行的比较研究，以及对该地区地质历史数据和动物地理数据的分析，得出结论认为，小高加索梅斯赫季海脊以北的黑海东部沿海种群属于一个独立的物种 C. osurgeticus。它与栖息在阿扎尔水体中的 C. satunini 的区别在于核型结构、神经颅骨和单个头骨的一些比例、较短的尾柄和背鳍的位置。所揭示的两个物种线粒体基因的系统发育近似性可能与钴炎属的二倍体-多倍体关系和种间杂交有关，并表明有必要对黑海东海岸的种群（包括阿布哈兹的刺鳅）进行进一步研究，因为不能初步排除与 C. tanaitica 杂交的杂交起源。指定了 C. osurgeticus 的新原型，并进行了物种诊断。
期刊介绍：
Journal of Ichthyology is an international peer-reviewed journal published in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences. It covers original studies in fish taxonomy, evolution, molecular biology, morphology, species diversity, zoological geography, genetics, physiology, ecology, behavior, reproduction, embryology, invasions, and protection. Some problems of applied ichthyology are also covered. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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