The Emergence of Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus Epidermidis in the COVID-19 Hospitalized Intubated Patients in North Khorasan, Iran.

IF 1.6 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.30476/ijms.2024.99744.3214
Roya Sadidi, Hatef Ajoudanifar, Hamed Ghasem Zadeh-Moghadam, Amir Azimian
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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate secondary bacterial infections among patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci can infect immunocompromised patients. Linezolid resistance among Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most critical issues. In 2019, 185 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients who were admitted to North Khorasan Province Hospital (Bojnurd, Iran), were investigated. Patients having positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results, who had a history of intubation, mechanical ventilation, and were hospitalized for more than 48 hours were included. After microbiological evaluation of pulmonary samples, taken from intubated patients with clinical manifestation of pneumonia, co-infections were found in 11/185 patients (5.94%) with S. epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumani, respectively. Remarkably, seven out of nine S. epidermidis isolates were linezolid resistant. Selected isolates were characterized using antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular methods, such as Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and gene detection for ica, methicillin resistance (mecA), vancomycin resistance (vanA), and chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance (cfr) genes. All of the isolates were resistant to methicillin, and seven isolates were resistant to linezolid. Nine out of 11 isolated belonged to the SCCmec I, while two belonged to the SCCmec IV. It should be noted that all patients had the underlying disease, and six patients had already passed away. The increasing linezolid resistance in bacterial strains becomes a real threat to patients, and monitoring such infections, in conjunction with surveillance and infection prevention programs, is very critical for reducing the number of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcal strains. A preprint of this study was published at https://europepmc.org/article/ppr/ppr417742.

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伊朗北呼罗珊省 COVID-19 住院插管患者中出现耐利奈唑胺的表皮葡萄球菌
本研究旨在调查严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)感染者的继发性细菌感染情况。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌可感染免疫力低下的患者。表皮葡萄球菌对利奈唑胺的耐药性是最关键的问题之一。2019 年,研究人员对北呼罗珊省医院(伊朗博伊努尔德)收治的 185 名 SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者进行了调查。研究对象包括SARS-CoV-2逆转录酶实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测结果呈阳性、有插管史、机械通气史且住院时间超过48小时的患者。对有肺炎临床表现的插管患者的肺部样本进行微生物学评估后发现,11/185 例(5.94%)患者合并感染了表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。值得注意的是,9 个表皮葡萄球菌分离株中有 7 个对利奈唑胺耐药。利用抗菌药耐药性模式和分子方法,如葡萄球菌盒式染色体mec(SCCmec)分型和ica、甲氧西林耐药性(mecA)、万古霉素耐药性(vanA)和氯霉素-甲氧苄啶耐药性(cfr)基因检测,对部分分离菌进行了鉴定。所有分离菌株都对甲氧西林耐药,7 个分离菌株对利奈唑胺耐药。11 个分离株中有 9 个属于 SCCmec I 型,2 个属于 SCCmec IV 型。值得注意的是,所有患者都患有基础疾病,其中 6 名患者已经去世。细菌菌株对利奈唑胺耐药性的不断增加对患者构成了真正的威胁,因此,结合监测和感染预防计划对此类感染进行监测,对于减少耐利奈唑胺葡萄球菌菌株的数量至关重要。本研究的预印本发表于 https://europepmc.org/article/ppr/ppr417742。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences (IJMS) is an international quarterly biomedical publication, which is sponsored by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The IJMS intends to provide a scientific medium of com­muni­cation for researchers throughout the globe. The journal welcomes original clinical articles as well as clinically oriented basic science re­search experiences on prevalent diseases in the region and analysis of various regional problems.
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