Quantifying real-time opening disk load during planting operations to assess compaction and potential for planter control

IF 5.4 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Precision Agriculture Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI:10.1007/s11119-024-10151-y

Sylvester A. Badua, Ajay Sharda, Bhaskar Aryal

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Abstract

Uniform plant spacing, seeding depth, and emergence are important factors heavily influenced by both machine settings and soil conditions. Understanding load distribution across the planter toolbar at varying planter settings and soil conditions provide feedback to improve planter performance and achieve desired seed placement consistency. One important soil property that affects opening disc load requirement in creating seed trench is soil texture which relates to soil strength. However, none of the existing methods (soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) maps, historic soil maps, and cone penetrometer) provide accurate soil strength data on a high spatial resolution which could be used to optimize planter performance. This study was conducted to (1) quantify the percentage of time row-planters need uplift during planting and (2) quantify opening disc loads using real-time machine control system recorded data across different ECa zones. Results showed that uplift events varied from 13 to 18% with wing and track sections revealed higher instances of uplift. Higher instances of uplift were observed on the non-track section for planter with wing wheels. Results revealed a modest correlation between soil ECa and opening disc load with 435 N more or 12% higher opening disc load applied on high soil ECa zones as compared in low soil ECa zones.

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量化播种作业期间的实时开盘负荷，以评估压实情况和播种机控制潜力

均匀的株距、播种深度和出苗率是深受机器设置和土壤条件影响的重要因素。了解在不同的播种机设置和土壤条件下播种机工具栏上的载荷分布，可为改进播种机性能和实现理想的播种一致性提供反馈。影响开沟播种所需的开沟盘载荷的一个重要土壤特性是与土壤强度有关的土壤质地。然而，现有的方法（土壤表观导电率 (ECa) 地图、历史土壤地图和锥形透度计）都无法提供高空间分辨率的精确土壤强度数据，而这些数据可用来优化播种机性能。这项研究的目的是：(1) 量化播种机在播种过程中需要上浮的时间百分比；(2) 利用机器控制系统记录的不同 ECa 区域的实时数据，量化开盘载荷。结果表明，上浮率从 13% 到 18% 不等，机翼和履带部分的上浮率较高。带翼轮的播种机在非履带部分出现的上浮情况更高。结果表明，土壤导电率与开盘载荷之间存在一定的相关性，与低导电率地区相比，高导电率地区的开盘载荷高出 435 N 或 12%。

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来源期刊

Precision Agriculture 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

8.10%

发文量

103

审稿时长

>24 weeks

期刊介绍： Precision Agriculture promotes the most innovative results coming from the research in the field of precision agriculture. It provides an effective forum for disseminating original and fundamental research and experience in the rapidly advancing area of precision farming. There are many topics in the field of precision agriculture; therefore, the topics that are addressed include, but are not limited to: Natural Resources Variability: Soil and landscape variability, digital elevation models, soil mapping, geostatistics, geographic information systems, microclimate, weather forecasting, remote sensing, management units, scale, etc. Managing Variability: Sampling techniques, site-specific nutrient and crop protection chemical recommendation, crop quality, tillage, seed density, seed variety, yield mapping, remote sensing, record keeping systems, data interpretation and use, crops (corn, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes, peanut, cotton, vegetables, etc.), management scale, etc. Engineering Technology: Computers, positioning systems, DGPS, machinery, tillage, planting, nutrient and crop protection implements, manure, irrigation, fertigation, yield monitor and mapping, soil physical and chemical characteristic sensors, weed/pest mapping, etc. Profitability: MEY, net returns, BMPs, optimum recommendations, crop quality, technology cost, sustainability, social impacts, marketing, cooperatives, farm scale, crop type, etc. Environment: Nutrient, crop protection chemicals, sediments, leaching, runoff, practices, field, watershed, on/off farm, artificial drainage, ground water, surface water, etc. Technology Transfer: Skill needs, education, training, outreach, methods, surveys, agri-business, producers, distance education, Internet, simulations models, decision support systems, expert systems, on-farm experimentation, partnerships, quality of rural life, etc.