Neuroimaging of opioid effects in humans across conditions of acute administration, chronic pain therapy, and opioid use disorder.

IF 14.6 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-17 DOI:10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.005
Katherine T Martucci
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Abstract

Evidence of central nervous system (CNS) exogenous opioid effects in humans has been primarily gained through neuroimaging of three participant populations: individuals after acute opioid administration, those with opioid use disorder (OUD), and those with chronic pain receiving opioid therapy. In both the brain and spinal cord, opioids alter processes of pain, cognition, and reward. Opioid-related CNS effects may persist and accumulate with longer opioid use duration. Meanwhile, opioid-induced benefits versus risks to brain health remain unclear. This review article highlights recent accumulating evidence for how exogenous opioids impact the CNS in humans. While investigation of CNS opioid effects has remained largely disparate across contexts of opioid acute administration, OUD, and chronic pain opioid therapy, integration across these contexts may enable advancement toward effective interventions.

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阿片类药物在急性用药、慢性疼痛治疗和阿片类药物使用障碍等情况下对人体影响的神经影像学研究。
人类中枢神经系统(CNS)外源性阿片类药物效应的证据主要是通过对以下三种人群的神经影像学研究获得的:急性阿片类药物用药后的患者、阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)患者以及接受阿片类药物治疗的慢性疼痛患者。在大脑和脊髓中,阿片类药物会改变疼痛、认知和奖赏过程。与阿片类药物相关的中枢神经系统效应可能会随着阿片类药物使用时间的延长而持续和累积。同时,阿片类药物对大脑健康的益处与风险仍不明确。这篇综述文章重点介绍了最近积累的外源性阿片类药物如何影响人类中枢神经系统的证据。虽然对中枢神经系统阿片类药物影响的研究在阿片类药物急性用药、OUD 和慢性疼痛阿片类药物治疗等方面仍存在很大差异,但将这些方面的研究整合起来,可能会促进有效的干预措施。
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来源期刊
Trends in Neurosciences
Trends in Neurosciences 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
26.50
自引率
1.30%
发文量
123
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: For over four decades, Trends in Neurosciences (TINS) has been a prominent source of inspiring reviews and commentaries across all disciplines of neuroscience. TINS is a monthly, peer-reviewed journal, and its articles are curated by the Editor and authored by leading researchers in their respective fields. The journal communicates exciting advances in brain research, serves as a voice for the global neuroscience community, and highlights the contribution of neuroscientific research to medicine and society.
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