Effect of perioperative oral care on postoperative infections in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 NURSING Japan Journal of Nursing Science Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI:10.1111/jjns.12600

Aoi Kubo, Kumiko Sakai, Shingo Ueki, Kimie Fujita

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Abstract

Aim

This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of non-pharmacologic perioperative oral hygiene care on reduced incidence of postoperative pneumonia (PP), surgical site infection (SSI), and the length of hospital stay in patients with cancer, and to describe the details of oral hygiene care.

Methods

We searched seven databases. Eligibility criteria were based on perioperative oral hygiene care provided by healthcare professionals to patients aged ≥18 years who were surgically treated under general anesthesia and were evaluated for the incidence of PP and SSI. We reported risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes for PP and SSI using a fixed-effects model of meta-analysis.

Results

The search resulted in 850 articles, among which two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 were observational studies. Most studies indicated that dentists and medical care providers performed a combination of oral cleaning, and oral hygiene instructions. In RCTs, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.86; p = .60), while in observational studies, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.55; p < .001) and SSI (RR, 0.47; p < .001). The length of hospital stay was also significantly reduced (p < .05). However, the effectiveness of nursing intervention was not clear.

Conclusions

Perioperative oral hygiene care implemented by healthcare professionals prevented PP and SSI and reduced length of hospital stays for patients after cancer surgery. As daily perioperative oral hygiene care is performed by nurses, it is necessary to research the effects of oral hygiene by nurses in the future.

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围手术期口腔护理对癌症患者术后感染的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

目的：本系统性综述旨在评估非药物性围手术期口腔卫生护理对降低癌症患者术后肺炎（PP）、手术部位感染（SSI）发病率和缩短住院时间的效果，并描述口腔卫生护理的细节：我们检索了七个数据库。资格标准基于医护人员为年龄≥18岁、在全身麻醉下接受手术治疗的患者提供的围手术期口腔卫生护理，并对PP和SSI的发生率进行了评估。我们采用固定效应荟萃分析模型报告了PP和SSI二分结果的风险比（RR）：搜索结果显示有 850 篇文章，其中 2 篇为随机对照试验 (RCT)，21 篇为观察性研究。大多数研究表明，牙医和医疗服务提供者结合实施了口腔清洁和口腔卫生指导。在随机对照试验中，围手术期口腔卫生护理可显著降低 PP 的发生率（RR，0.86；p = .60），而在观察性研究中，围手术期口腔卫生护理可显著降低 PP 的发生率（RR，0.55；p 结论：围手术期口腔卫生护理可显著降低 PP 的发生率：由医护人员实施的围手术期口腔卫生护理可预防 PP 和 SSI，并缩短癌症手术后患者的住院时间。由于围手术期的日常口腔卫生护理是由护士进行的，因此今后有必要对护士进行口腔卫生护理的效果进行研究。

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来源期刊

Japan Journal of Nursing Science 医学-护理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Japan Journal of Nursing Science is the official English language journal of the Japan Academy of Nursing Science. The purpose of the Journal is to provide a mechanism to share knowledge related to improving health care and promoting the development of nursing. The Journal seeks original manuscripts reporting scholarly work on the art and science of nursing. Original articles may be empirical and qualitative studies, review articles, methodological articles, brief reports, case studies and letters to the Editor. Please see Instructions for Authors for detailed authorship qualification requirement.