Altered proteome profiles related to visceral adiposity may mediate the favorable effect of green Mediterranean diet: the DIRECT-PLUS trial

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Obesity Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI:10.1002/oby.24036

Hila Zelicha, Alon Kaplan, Anat Yaskolka Meir, Ehud Rinott, Gal Tsaban, Matthias Blüher, Nora Klöting, Uta Ceglarek, Berend Isermann, Michael Stumvoll, Yoash Chassidim, Ilan Shelef, Frank B. Hu, Iris Shai

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Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of a green Mediterranean (green-MED) diet, which is high in dietary polyphenols and green plant-based protein and low in red/processed meat, on cardiovascular disease and inflammation-related circulating proteins and their associations with cardiometabolic risk parameters.

Methods

In the 18-month weight loss trial Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT-PLUS), 294 participants with abdominal obesity were randomized to basic healthy dietary guidelines, Mediterranean (MED), or green-MED diets. Both isocaloric MED diet groups consumed walnuts (28 g/day), and the green-MED diet group also consumed green tea (3–4 cups/day) and green shakes (Mankai plant shake, 500 mL/day) and avoided red/processed meat. Proteome panels were measured at three time points using Olink CVDII.

Results

At baseline, a dominant protein cluster was significantly related to higher phenotypic cardiometabolic risk parameters, with the strongest associations attributed to magnetic resonance imaging-assessed visceral adiposity (false discovery rate of 5%). Overall, after 6 months of intervention, both the MED and green-MED diets induced improvements in cardiovascular disease and proinflammatory risk proteins (p < 0.05, vs. healthy dietary guidelines), with the green-MED diet leading to more pronounced beneficial changes, largely driven by dominant proinflammatory proteins (IL-1 receptor antagonist protein, IL-16, IL-18, thrombospondin-2, leptin, prostasin, galectin-9, and fibroblast growth factor 21; adjusted for age, sex, and weight loss; p < 0.05). After 18 months, proteomics cluster changes presented the strongest correlations with visceral adiposity reduction.

Conclusions

Proteomics clusters may enhance our understanding of the favorable effect of a green-MED diet that is enriched with polyphenols and low in red/processed meat on visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk.

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与内脏脂肪相关的蛋白质组特征的改变可能会介导绿色地中海饮食的有利影响：DIRECT-PLUS 试验。

研究目的本研究旨在探讨绿色地中海饮食（绿色-MED）对心血管疾病和炎症相关循环蛋白的影响，以及它们与心脏代谢风险参数的关系：在为期 18 个月的减肥试验 "膳食干预随机对照试验多酚未加工研究"（DIRECT-PLUS）中，294 名腹部肥胖的参与者被随机分配到基本健康膳食指南、地中海饮食（MED）或绿色-地中海饮食组。等热量地中海饮食组和绿色-地中海饮食组都食用核桃（28 克/天），绿色-地中海饮食组还食用绿茶（3-4 杯/天）和绿色奶昔（Mankai 植物奶昔，500 毫升/天），并避免食用红肉/加工肉类。使用 Olink CVDII 在三个时间点测量蛋白质组面板：结果：在基线时，优势蛋白质群与较高的表型心脏代谢风险参数显著相关，与磁共振成像评估的内脏脂肪率的关联性最强（误发现率为 5%）。总体而言，经过 6 个月的干预后，MED 和绿色-MED 饮食都能改善心血管疾病和促炎症风险蛋白（p 结论：MED 和绿色-MED 饮食都能改善心血管疾病和促炎症风险蛋白（p 结论：MED 和绿色-MED 饮食都能改善心血管疾病和促炎症风险蛋白（p 结论）：蛋白质组学集群可以帮助我们更好地了解富含多酚、低红肉/加工肉类的绿色-MED 饮食对内脏脂肪和心血管代谢风险的有利影响。

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来源期刊

Obesity 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

1.40%

发文量

261

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Obesity is the official journal of The Obesity Society and is the premier source of information for increasing knowledge, fostering translational research from basic to population science, and promoting better treatment for people with obesity. Obesity publishes important peer-reviewed research and cutting-edge reviews, commentaries, and public health and medical developments.