Homeownership Matters: Impact of Homeownership on the Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions in the United States.

Abstract

Introduction Homeownership is crucial for stability and healthy life. We examined the role of homeownership in predicting the prevalence of common chronic health conditions in the United States. Methods We used 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (N = 401,958) to assess the association between homeownership and self-reported diagnosed diabetes, asthma, cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and kidney disease. We analyzed data by using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, employment, and income and computed odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs. Results Most survey participants (66.8%) owned their residences. Age, marital status, education, and income significantly influenced homeownership. Odds of homeownership progressively increased with age, reaching a peak at 17.45 (95% CI, 16.21-18.79) for adults aged 65 years or older, and non-Hispanic White adults had the highest odds (OR = 3.34; 95% CI, 3.18-3.52). Compared with renters, homeowners generally had lower prevalence of chronic health conditions, especially among those aged 45 to 64 years. After adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity, the odds of having chronic health conditions among renters were higher than those of homeowners: CHD, 1.39 (1.27-1.52); diabetes, 1.27 (1.20-1.35); asthma, 1.29 (1.23-1.36); stroke, 1.89 (1.71-2.09); and kidney disease, 1.59 (1.44-1.77). Conclusion Homeownership can be used to predict the prevalence of several chronic health conditions. Considering its significant influence, public health initiatives should focus on housing-related interventions to improve population health.