Taxonomy of epilithic diatoms and teratological forms under the presence of metals in surface sediment

IF 1 4区生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Phytotaxa Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI:10.11646/phytotaxa.647.3.3

Mailor Wellinton Wedig Amaral, G. Medeiros, Vanessa Daufenbach, S. C. Sampaio, R. R. Reis, T. A. Ludwig, N. C. Bueno

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Abstract

Epilithic diatom species in eight sampling sites of the Cascavel River, Southern Brazil, were taxonomically analyzed. The studied streams are located in a predominantly urban micro-watershed, with distroferric red latosol (rich in Fe and Al), being characterized by distinct metals, predominantly acidic pH, and high conductivity. Overall, 221 diatom species were identified at infrageneric level. Pinnularia was the most representative genus in number of species (28 spp.), followed by Eunotia (25 spp.), Gomphonema (17 spp.), Nitzschia (14 spp.), and Navicula (11 spp.). This is the first record of Fragilaria spectra, Fragilaria tenera var. nanana and Humidophila arcuatoides for the state of Paraná, and the first record of Pinnularia laucensis in Brazil. We found teratological valves in 34 taxa, containing modified outline, changes in the striae pattern, and doubled central area. The genus Eunotia showed the highest number of altered taxa (8 spp.). Mixed teratologies (deformed valve outline + unusual striae pattern) were found only in Ulnaria ulna, Encyonema neomesianum, and Gomphonema graciledictum. The metals and environmental variables in the Cascavel River micro-watershed likely contributed to the diatom teratologies. Our work contributes to the taxonomic knowledge of epilithic diatoms in the region, as well as extending the record of teratological taxa in the literature.

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表层沉积物中金属存在情况下附石硅藻和畸形藻的分类法

对巴西南部卡斯卡韦尔河八个取样点的表层硅藻物种进行了分类分析。所研究的溪流主要位于一个城市小流域内，河床为红壤（富含铁和铝），具有明显的金属特征，pH 值以酸性为主，电导率较高。总体而言，共鉴定出 221 个亚属硅藻物种。在物种数量上，Pinnularia 属最具代表性（28 种），其次是 Eunotia 属（25 种）、Gomphonema 属（17 种）、Nitzschia 属（14 种）和 Navicula 属（11 种）。Nanana 和 Humidophila arcuatoides 的记录，也是巴西首次记录到 Pinnularia laucensis。我们在 34 个分类群中发现了畸形瓣膜，包括轮廓改变、条纹图案变化和中心区域加倍。Eunotia 属的畸变类群数量最多（8 种）。仅在 Ulnaria ulna、Encyonema neomesianum 和 Gomphonema graciledictum 中发现了混合畸变（瓣膜轮廓畸形 + 纹痕图案异常）。卡斯卡维尔河微流域的金属和环境变量可能是造成硅藻畸变的原因。我们的研究有助于丰富该地区附石硅藻的分类学知识，并扩展了文献中畸变类群的记录。

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来源期刊

Phytotaxa PLANT SCIENCES-

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

27.30%

发文量

956

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Phytotaxa is a peer-reviewed, international journal for rapid publication of high quality papers on any aspect of systematic and taxonomic botany, with a preference for large taxonomic works such as monographs, floras, revisions and evolutionary studies and descriptions of new taxa. Phytotaxa covers all groups covered by the International Code of Nomenclature foralgae, fungi, and plants ICNafp (fungi, lichens, algae, diatoms, mosses, liverworts, hornworts, and vascular plants), both living and fossil. Phytotaxa was founded in 2009 as botanical sister journal to Zootaxa. It has a large editorial board, who are running this journal on a voluntary basis, and it is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland , New Zealand). It is also indexed by SCIE, JCR and Biosis. All types of taxonomic, floristic and phytogeographic papers are considered, including theoretical papers and methodology, systematics and phylogeny, monographs, revisions and reviews, catalogues, biographies and bibliographies, history of botanical explorations, identification guides, floras, analyses of characters, phylogenetic studies and phytogeography, descriptions of taxa, typification and nomenclatural papers. Monographs and other long manuscripts (of 60 printed pages or more) can be published as books, which will receive an ISBN number as well as being part of the Phytotaxa series.