Effect of Bleaching on Surface Roughness and Color Parameters of Coffee-Stained Nanohybrid Dental Composites with Different Viscosities

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to test the effect of different bleaching protocols on surface roughness, color stability, and translucency parameter of coffee-stained nanohybrid dental composites with different viscosities. Materials and Methods Five nanohybrid dental composites with different viscosities (n = 250)—Neo Spectra LV, Neo Spectra HV, Neo Spectra Flow (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany), Grandio, and Grandio Flow (Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany)—were used to test surface roughness, color stability, and translucency parameter after bleaching of coffee-stained specimens using either in-office bleaching, home bleaching, or a combination of both. The viscosity of the five types of dental composites was tested using a viscometer. A scanning laser microscope (SLM) was used to examine the surface topography of representative samples from each dental composite after the combined effect of both bleaching agents. Effect of composite type, bleaching protocol, and their interaction was assessed by two-way analysis of variance. For multiple comparisons, Tukey's post hoc test was used with Bonferroni correction. Results Surface roughness of all coffee-stained dental composites increased after bleaching; however, those of Grandio and Grandio Flow increased significantly (p < 0.0001). This was confirmed by SLM images that showed rough surface with protruding fillers after in-office and home bleaching protocol. Results revealed that bleaching, regardless of the protocol, decreased the delta E values of all dental composites; however, it was still higher than the accepted threshold value of 3.7. Neither of the bleaching protocols enhanced translucency parameter of all dental composites. Neo Spectra Flow and Voco Flow had the highest translucency parameter after the three bleaching protocols. Conclusion Bleaching does not improve color stability and translucency of coffee-stained nanohybrid dental composites regardless of the viscosity. Surface roughness of coffee-stained nanohybrid dental composites increases after application of bleaching agents.