Modern approach to the treatment of postoperative symptoms of patients undergoing oral surgery

Abstract

Introduction. Removal of wisdom teeth is always accompanied by the appearance of collateral edema of varying severity, pain, neurological dysfunction and inflammatory contracture of the masticatory muscles.Purpose. To evaluate the use of local apparatus hypothermia and the method of three-dimensional facial scanning for the treatment of patients after extraction of mandibular third molars.Materials and methods. 60 patients had their wisdom teeth removed. Depending on the group, local apparatus hypothermia (LAH) (study group of 30 patients) and local ice hypothermia (LIH) (control group of 30 patients) were performed after surgery. Evaluation criterion: three-dimensional scanning of the face on days 3, 5, 7.Results. In the control group, on the 3rd day the size of the edema was 6.31 mm (SD 0.81), on the 5th day – 4.88 mm (SD 0.73), on the 7th day – 3.44 mm (SD 0.88). In the study group, on the 3rd day the size of the edema was 5.09 mm (SD 0.80), on the 5th day – 2.73 mm (SD 0.71), on the 7th day – 1.28 mm (SD 0,62). In the control group, the size of edema on the 5th day changed by 22.67% compared to the 3rd day, on the 7th day by 30.12% compared to the 5th day and by 45.94% compared to 3rd day. In the study group, the size of edema on the 5th day changed by 46.42% compared to the 3rd day, on the 7th day by 53.16% compared to the 5th day and by 75.32% compared 3rd day. Comparison of groups 3, 5 and 7 in terms of absolute values of edema size and percentage change showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.001).Conclusion. The use of local apparatus hypothermia in the postoperative period can reduce the severity of collateral edema in a shorter period compared to standard methods of local hypothermia.