Dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters of patients with cardiovascular diseases 3, 12 and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia

Abstract

   Aim: to study the dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at 3, 12, and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia.   Material and methods. The dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters were studied in 130 patients with CVD at 3, 12, and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia (57 ± 8 years old, 46.9 % males).   Results. Between the 1st and 2nd visits, body mass index (BMI) increased (30.6 ± 5.1 kg/m2 vs. 31.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001), the number of patients with obesity of grades 2 –3 increased (14.6 % vs. 23.1 %, p < 0.001). Early diastolic septal mitral annular velocity decreased from the 2nd to the 3rd visit (7.0 [6.0; 8.0] cm/s vs. 6.0 [5.0; 8.0] cm/s, p = 0.023), as did the maximum diastolic lateral tricuspid annular velocity (12.0 [11.0; 14.0] cm/s vs. 8.0 [6.0; 9.0] cm/s, p < 0.001). Between the 2nd and 3rd visits, the average global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle increased ( –19.3 ± 2.6 % vs. –19.8 ± 2.2 %, p = 0.034), the frequency of detecting its reduced values decreased (34.9 % vs. 17.4 %, p = 0.003).   Conclusion. In the long term after COVID-19 pneumonia, patients with CVD show an increase in BMI accompanied by worsening of diastolic ventricular function parameters without signifi cant progression in the frequency and severity of CVD.