Systemic treatments with monoclonal antibodies in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome

Abstract

Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most prevalent non-Hodgkin lymphomas that comprise cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), accounting for more than 70% of cases. Following the Tumor Lymph nodes Metastasis Blood system, disease staging is carried out, and within ten years, about thirty percent of patients in the early stages will have advanced disease. Plaques, folliculotropism, and age over 60 are risk factors for progression. A 5-year survival rate of less than 20% is associated with LCT in MF. Treatment requires an interdisciplinary approach; skindirected therapies are available for early stages of the disease, but there are no curative options for advanced stages of the disease other than allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Because of their severe symptoms and poor treatment efficacy, patients in advanced stages have a lower quality of life and a lower chance of survival. In patients with CD30-expressing CTCL, Brentuximab Vedotin has demonstrated better response rates and progression-free survival (PFS); in advanced SS, mogamulizumab has significantly increased PFS. These findings emphasize the need to standardize prognostic factors and improve CTCL treatment.