Heterospecific sociability and foraging behaviour of an invasive livebearer fish

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Ecology of Freshwater Fish Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI:10.1111/eff.12785
Isabel Salazar-Rueda, Sebastian Gomez-Maldonado, Morelia Camacho-Cervantes
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Abstract

Heterospecific sociability could enhance invasion success in social species since social non-natives usually belong to small founding populations during the early stages of invasion. The twospot livebearer (Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus) is native to Central America and southern Mexico and is recently recognised as invasive in the Mexican Central Plateau, where it poses a threat to native species. Here, we evaluated twospot livebearer sociability towards either a conspecific pair or a shoal of four fish with one of four possible compositions, all conspecifics or two conspecifics combined with either two guppies, two porthole livebearers or two twoline skiffias. In a second experiment, foraging time, latency to feed, first fish to begin foraging and aggressive interactions were recorded under the same social conditions used in the sociability experiment, with body size included as a covariate in both experiments. All focal twospot livebearers spent significantly more time with the given shoals rather than with the available space in the aquarium. They showed a higher tendency to associate with small shoals of conspecifics than with pairs. Larger twospot livebearers associated more, regardless of the social condition. Twospot livebearer fed more with porthole livebearers, less with guppies and similarly with twoline skiffias. Latency to forage did not vary significantly between social conditions. Twospot livebearers were involved in more aggressive interactions when with guppies or porthole livebearers than when with native twoline skiffias or conspecifics. Twospot livebearers could gain benefits from associating with natives and conspecifics, but not with other invasive poeciliids. Heterospecific shoaling behaviour with natives may enhance invasion success during early stages when conspecifics are scarce while associating with other invasive poeciliids could lead to increased competition. Further research is needed on heterospecific interactions of non-natives to better understand their behavioural role in invasion likelihood.

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外来活体鱼的异种群居性和觅食行为
由于社会性非本地物种在入侵初期通常属于小型创始种群,因此异种社会性可能会提高社会性物种的入侵成功率。双斑活肤草(Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus)原产于中美洲和墨西哥南部,最近被认为是墨西哥中央高原的入侵物种,对当地物种构成威胁。在这里,我们评估了双斑活叉鱼对一对同种鱼或由四条鱼组成的鱼群的交际性,这四种鱼有四种可能的组成:全部为同种鱼或两条同种鱼与两条幌子鱼、两条舷窗活叉鱼或两条捻线鲃。在第二项实验中,在与交际性实验相同的社会条件下记录了觅食时间、觅食潜伏期、最先开始觅食的鱼以及攻击性互动,两项实验都将体型作为协变量。所有重点双点活体鱼花在给定鱼群上的时间明显多于花在水族箱的可用空间上的时间。与成对的同类相比,它们更倾向于与小群的同类交往。无论在什么社会条件下,体型较大的双斑活熊取胆都更多。双点活熊鱼与舷窗活熊鱼的摄食量更多,与河豚的摄食量较少,而与双线活熊鱼的摄食量相似。不同社会条件下的觅食潜伏期差异不大。与本地曙光鱼或同种鱼相比,曙光鱼与河鲀或舷窗鱼的互动更具攻击性。双栉水母能从与本地栉水母和同种栉水母的交往中获益,但不能从与其他入侵栉水母的交往中获益。在同种生物稀少的早期阶段,与本地生物的异种群聚行为可能会提高入侵的成功率,而与其他入侵栉水母类的群聚行为可能会导致竞争加剧。需要进一步研究非本地物种的异种相互作用,以更好地了解它们在入侵可能性中的行为作用。
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来源期刊
Ecology of Freshwater Fish
Ecology of Freshwater Fish 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
45
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Ecology of Freshwater Fish publishes original contributions on all aspects of fish ecology in freshwater environments, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams. Manuscripts involving ecologically-oriented studies of behavior, conservation, development, genetics, life history, physiology, and host-parasite interactions are welcomed. Studies involving population ecology and community ecology are also of interest, as are evolutionary approaches including studies of population biology, evolutionary ecology, behavioral ecology, and historical ecology. Papers addressing the life stages of anadromous and catadromous species in estuaries and inshore coastal zones are considered if they contribute to the general understanding of freshwater fish ecology. Theoretical and modeling studies are suitable if they generate testable hypotheses, as are those with implications for fisheries. Manuscripts presenting analyses of published data are considered if they produce novel conclusions or syntheses. The journal publishes articles, fresh perspectives, and reviews and, occasionally, the proceedings of conferences and symposia.
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