Organization of prevention and therapy of acne in adolescents at the current stage.

Abstract

The organization of prevention and treatment of acne in adolescents, necessary to improve the quality of medical dermatological care, has not been studied enough. The purpose of the study: аnalysis of current and potential opportunities for organizing the prevention and treatment of acne in adolescents. Results. The pathophysiological mechanisms of acne development are being reviewed, considering the characteristics of the puberty period, however, the trends in introducing new approaches to the organization of prevention and treatment of acne in adolescents are not expressed, with the exception of antiandrogen therapy. The official organization of treatment for adolescents with acne considers that any stage of acne development is multifactorial and is based on an inflammatory process. The officially recommended main method of treating acne in adolescents is the combined use of topical agents, especially the combination of benzoyl peroxide and the retinoid adapalene. In complex cases, topical treatment is supplemented with systemic therapy with retinoids (isotretinoin). Prevention of side effects of topical treatment (dry skin, hyperemia or cheilitis) is achieved through the use of moisturizing cosmetics or cream with dexpanthenol, respectively. Officially, in the field of acne prevention and therapy, such methods of influencing acne vulgaris as dermatocosmetics and corneo-or enzyme therapy are not used. The use of local and systemic pre- and probiotics for the treatment of acne has not been introduced. This reveals a connection between the development of acne and the intestinal microbiome. The use of local antiandrogens and insulin-like growth factor 1 inhibitors to control sebum production, as well as selective retinoic acid receptor agonists with a better safety profile compared to retinoid therapy for acne, may be promising for the prevention and treatment of acne in adolescents. Findings. Organization of effective treatment of acne in adolescents should include their clear instructions and correction of dietary habits. Prevention of acne today is practically not organized in the field of medical services.